The PMC local oscillator is going a little weird dying.  We need to check out why the level is fluctuating so much.

Here's a 6 month plot, where you can see that the lower level keeps getting lower (y-axis is dBm):

This LHO entry from 2008 shows where we first discovered this effect. As Rick Savage and Paul Schwinberg later found out, the ERA-5SM+ amplifier slowly degrades over several years and was replaced for both of the eLIGO interferometers. We have spares in the Blue box and can replace this sometime during the day.

Our PMC LO is made by this obsolete crystal oscillator circuit: D000419. There are many versions of this floating around, but they all have the ERA-5 issue.

It seems that there is no better chip in MiniCircuits line-up with the same form factor.
ERA-5 is the most powerful one in the ERA (or MAR) series.

If the output is ~0dBm we have MAR-6SM in stock. But I suspect that ERA-5 was driven at the power level close to its saturation (~18dBm).

If we allow different form factors, we have GVA-** or GALI-** in the market and also in the blue tower, in order to gain more performance margin.
If it is difficult to apply them, I would rather use another ERA-5 with enhanced heat radiation.

I'm sure that Downs has EAR-5 replacement.

 I am guessing that 75 mW will burn / destroy any Thorlabs PD. I hope that mW is supposed to be uW.

Koushik and Koji try to fix the PMC oscillator issue. So we remove the module from the rack.
This means we don't have the PMC transmission during the work.

Koushik replaced an ERA-5 in the PC path. We put the module back to the rack and found no change.
The epics LO level monitor monitor is still fluctuating from 6~11dBm. We need more thorough investigation
by tracing the signals everywhere on the board.

Despite the poor situation of the modulation, PMC was locking (~9PM). Rana suspect that the PMC demodulation
phase was not correctly adjusted long time. 

Koushik has the measured power levels and the photos of the board. I'll ask him to report on them.

 After the ERA-5 was replaced (see Koushik elog) we relocked the PMC.

The new LO level going into the PMC servo card is +11.5 dBm. The LO mon on the PMC card reads 9 dBm and seems so flat I now suspect the monitor circuit.

I also measured the RF drive to the EOM as a function of C1:PSL-PMC_RFADJ on the Phase Shifter screen.

The phase shifter slider gives ~75 deg/V in phase shift of the RF out to the EOM. I tried to optimize the loop gain quickly using the fluctuations in the reflected power. The loop oscillates at high frequency with the slider at 21 dB and also at 9 dB. So I set the gain at +14 dB. Needs to be optimized correctly in the daytime.

 Updates from Koushik:

The power levels measured (before and after relacement of ERA-5) are as follows:

LO to Servo : Vout = 2.3 Vpp / Pout = 11.21 dBm at f = 35.5 MHz

RF to PC   :   Vout = 354 mVpp / Pout = -5.1 dBm at f= 35.5 MHz

The measurements were done using an oscilloscope with 50 ohms load impedance. Unfortunately the photos are not available from the camera.

 It was ~7.5mW and measured ~2V at the PD output (given its range 0-5V ) on the oscilloscope . So PD is safe !

The first step is

The second uptick (In Nov 14, 2013) is when I removed a 3 dB attenuator from the LO line. Don't know why the decay accelerates after that.

Increased gain and SNR in PMC LO monitor circuit.

1. R20: 499 -> 50k Ohms (increases gain by 100)
2. Used Marconi to drive the LO input and readout C1:PSL-PMC_LODET
3. Fit this function and loaded it into the psl.db file. The old Kalmus way used LOGE, but I wanted to use log10, so I did. The sensor is only useful in a narrow band. Since the signal is so low at low levels, I just fit to the highest 4 points because I was too lazy to do proper weighting. Do as I say, not as I do.

Plot with data and fit attached.

** N.B.: in order to update the calibration without rebooting, I used the following command: z write C1:PSL-PMC_LOCALC.CALC "2.235*LOG(B)+12.265". This allows us to update EPICS CALC records without rebooting the IOC.

I have put in a new nominal value for the FSS fast gain:  21.5 dB. 

There is an oscillation peak in the MC error point spectra around 41.5 kHz if the FSS gain is set too high.  I used the 4395 to have a look at the MC error point, and saw that if I set the FSS fast gain any lower than about 18 dB, the peak wasn't getting any smaller than -41 dBm.  If I set the fast gain any higher than about 26 dB the peak wouldn't get any larger than about -34 dBm. 

However, if I set the gain to 19.5dB, the PC RMS drive is consistently above 2 V, which isn't so good.  If I crank the gain up to 27 dB or more, the PC RMS will stay below 0.9 V, which is great. 

As a compromise, I have decided on 21.5 dB as the new FSS fast gain.  This puts the oscillation peak at about -39.5 dBm, and the PC RMS around 1.6 V.

I changed the nominal gain by ezcawrite C1:PSL-STAT_FSS_NOM_F_GAIN 21.5.  This sets the nominal value so that the FSS screen's fast slider doesn't turn red at the new value.  And, since the MC autolocker reads this epics channel and puts that into the gain during the mcup script, the MC autolocker now uses this new gain.  For reference, it used to be set to 23.5 dB.

I am going to tweak the alignment of the beam into the AOM (before the PMC) tomorrow morning. If anybody has any objections to this, please raise a red flag.

Proposed alignment procedure:

1. Reduce PSL power to say 10% 

2.  Since the AOM is not on any sort of a mechanical stage, I will have to just play around carefully until I see a maximum power rejection into first order.

I am assuming that moving the AOM is not going to affect the input pointing because all these activities are happening before the PMC. So as long as I have the output beam from the AOM aligned to the PMC at the end, everyone should be happy.

 The fan is dying. It is changing speed erratically and stops for short time periods. It is very likely to stop rotating soon. It will halt all operations in the lab. We can not see the PMC-T power because Manasa is working on

 AOM alignment.

AOM removed from the beampath and PMC relocked. 

AOM alignment:

1. Measured the initial power after PMC as 1.30W and reduced it down to 130mW.
2. Checked the power in the AOM zero order transmission before touching it. For 0-1V modulation input, the power dropped from 125uW to 98.3uW.
3. Steered the mirror right before the AOM to increase AOM zero order transmission and then carefully moved the AOM around to obtain maximum power attenuation. I repeated this a few times and the maximum attenuation that I could obtain was 125uW to 89.2uW (~30% attenuation).
Although this is not the right way to align the AOM, we do not have much options with the current setup as there is not enough separation between the zero order and first order beams and the AOM is on a fixed rigid mount.
4. I tried to dump the first order beam from the AOM and it wasn't satisfactory as well. There is barely any separation between the zero order and first order beams.

PMC relocking:

1. SInce the alignment to the PMC was disturbed by moving the AOM and the steering mirror in front of it, the PMC alignment was lost.
2. I could not relock the PMC at low power or high power. Rana had to come to rescue and fixed the alignment so that we could see flashes of PMC on the trans camera (This was done by aligning refl beam to the PMC REFL PD while giving a triangular ramp to the PMC PZT voltage).
Also I should not have tried to lock the PMC at high power as I could have been steering the beam at high power to the edges of the PMC mirrors that way and burning stuff easily.
3. Before fine tuning the alignment, I decided to remove the AOM from the beam path as there needs some work done on it to make it useful.
4. I removed the AOM from the beam path and relocked the PMC. 
5. PMC is relocked with 0.79 counts in TRANS and I measured the power after PMC 1.30W

Attachment: picture showing AOM removed from the beampath.

[Koji, Manasa]

The air flow from the dying fan was kinda weak and we decided to give a help with an external fan.

Koji brought a fan taken from a junk found at EE shop in W.Bridge.
The fan has been tied to the cage of the existing fan using cable ties to provide air circulation.
So even if the existing one dies anytime, we still don't super-heat anything.
The power supply for the fan rests next to the controller. 

The air from the fan ventilation was hot, and now with the additional fan this hot air is actually sucked
out with stronger flow. So this is relieving for now.

     PMC transmission as an indicator of laser controller with extra fan solution: 8 and 1day plot

Hello Steve, 

I’ve received some fan pictures from our manufacturing center. Your system will have one of the two fans pictured. Please contact manufacture company   for more information.

http://www.sunon.com/index.php

Best Regards,

Agustin (TJ) Tijerina

Commercial Product Support Center

Coherent, Inc.

5100 Patrick Henry Dr., Santa Clara, Ca. 95054

Product Support: (800) 367-7890

product.support@coherent.com

www.coherent.com

 Finally we got it!

The fans are ordered.

FSS Slow set point to be zero

op340m:FSS>cat FSSSlowServo
#!/usr/bin/perl -w

# PID Servo for PSL-FSS (Slow)
# Tobin Fricke 2007-01-09

use strict;
#use Scalar::Util qw(looks_like_number);

sub looks_like_number {
    return ($_[0] =~ /^-?\d+\.?\d*$/);  #FIXME
}

use EpicsTools;

# Parameters
my $process  = 'C1:PSL-FSS_FAST';
my $actuator = 'C1:PSL-FSS_SLOWDC';
#my $setpoint = 5.5;
my $setpoint = 0;
my $blinkystatus = 0;
 

op340m:scripts>/opt/rtcds/caltech/c1/scripts/PSL/FSS/FSSSlowServo > /cvs/cds/caltech/logs/scripts/FSSslow.cronlog &

The PSL HEPA was off. It was turned on and it is running at 30VAC now.

 Our janitor turned off the laser accidentally. 

 The PMC wasn't locking very happily after this. I tweaked the pointing onto the PMC REFL diode, to make sure it was centered, and touched the alignment into the PMC. I also reset the FSS Slow output to zero. It took a little while for the laser to settle in, for some reason, but the transmission is up at 0.80 now. 

Tweaked MC2 pointing to get the MC transmission high enough to let WFS kick in, which nicely got the rest of the MC alignment done. After that, I offloaded the WFS into the MC suspensions. 

Lastly, I ran the command that Rana posted in ELOG 10391, to set the FSS input offset (From -0.18 to -0.06)

 Didn't you take this opportunity to replace the cooling fan of the innolight controller?

 PMC is fine.  There are sliders in the Phase Shifter screen (accessible from the PMC screen) that also needed touching. 

PSL shutter is still closed until Steve is happy with the vacuum system - I guess we don't want to let high power in, in case we come all the way up to atmosphere and particulates somehow get in and get fried on the mirrors. 

 The Variac burned out and it was replaced. Each unit was checked out individually. HEPA -north is still noisy at full speed.

I aligned the beam into the PMC, mostly in yaw.  Don't know why it drifted, but it was annoying me, so I fixed it.

I am not sure if people have been noticing it lately; but the slow actuator on the PSL FSS has been railing up quite often these days. I found it at >0.8 and as high as 1.5 on certain occasions before resetting it to nominal zero.

It could be because the PMC alignment needs to be tweaked. The night crew should consider doing this before starting to lock.

 Found that the PMC gain has been set to 5.3 dB instead of 10 dB since 9 AM this morning, with no elog entry.

I also re-aligned the beam into the PMC to minimize the reflection. It was almost all in pitch.

I wonder if the variable bump around 100 kHz can be something about the NPRO and if the bump we see is the closed loop response due to the Noise Eater.

This plot (from the Mephisto manual) shows the effect of the NE on the RIN, but not the frequency noise. I assume its similar since the laser frequency noise above 10 kHz probably just comes from the pump diode noise.

I went out to the PSL and turned off the NE at ~4:53 PM local time today to see what happened. Although the overall PCDRIVE signal looks more ratty, there is no difference in the spectra of ON/OFF when the PCDRIVE is low. When its noisy, I see a tiny peak around 1 MHz with NE OFF. Turned it back on after a few hours.

1. Calibrated the Phase Adjust slider for the PMC RF Modulation; did this by putting the LO and RF Mod out on the TDS 3034 oscope and triggering on the LO. This scope has a differential phase measurement feature for periodic signals.
2. Calibrated the RF Amp Adj slider for the PMC RF Modulation (on the phase shifter screen)
3. The PMC 35.5 MHz Frequency reference card is now in our 40m DCC Tree.
4.  The LO and RF signals both look fairly sinusoidal !
5. Took photos of our Osc board - they are on the DCC page. Our board is D980353-B-C, but there are no such modern version in any DCC.
6. The PMC board's Mixer Out shows a few mV of RF at multiples of the 35.5 MHz mod freq. This comes in via the LO, and can't be gotten rid of by using a BALUN or BP filters.
7. In installed the LARK 35.5 MHz BP filter that Valera sent us awhile ago (Steve has the datasheet to scan and upload to this entry). It is narrow and has a 2 dB insertion loss.

For tuning the phase and amplitude of the mod. drive:

- since we don't have access to both RF phases, I just maximized the gain using the RF phase slider. First, I flipped the sign using the 'phase flip' button so that we would be near the linear range of the slider. Then I put the servo close to oscillation and adjusted the phase to maximize the height of the ~13 kHz body mode. For the amplitude, I just cranked the modulation depth until it started to show up as a reduction in the transmission by ~0.2%, then reduced it by a factor of ~3. That makes it ~5x larger than before.

A few hours ago I tweaked up the alignment to the PMC.  It was really bad in pitch, and the transmission was down to about 0.711.

PMC realigned again... The transmission was down to 0.70, and the MC was having a hard time trying to autolock.

Have we been running the PMC autolocker lately?  I can't remember, and I also can't find where it might be running.  It's not on megatron, either in the crontab or Q's new /etc/init place.  It's also not on op340m. 

Anyhow, what prompted this was that the PMC transmission has been incredibly fuzzy today.  On the StripTool it looks like it was fine until about -7 hours ago, when it lost lock.  Then Diego relocked it around -3 hours ago, and it's been fuzzy ever since. It was unlocked again for about 15 minutes about 45 minutes ago, and when I relocked it, it was even more fuzzy.

The FSS slow is almost exactly zero, the PMC's PZT is not at the edge of the range, the FSS PC drive RMS has been both high and low, and the PMC fuzz level has just been consistently high.  I was checking the parameters in the PMC phase shifter screen, and looked up the autolocker to see what the nominial values are supposed to be. 

For the RFADJ value, the autolocker sets it to 2.0, and after it locks increases it up to 4.5.  I found the value at 2.0, and the autolocker isn't running, which made me wonder if the autolocker died sometime after it set the value low, but before it could detect lock and reset the value to high.  (Actually, after lock it sets the value to whatever is in the channel C1:PSL-STAT_PMC_NOM_RF_ADJ, which is 4.5).

Anyhow, I manually set the RFADJ value to 4.5, and the PMC transmission immediately improved. 

EDIT, 8pm, JCD:  Rana reminded me that he attached a screenshot back on 30Dec2014 (http://nodus.ligo.caltech.edu:8080/40m/10849), which I had ignored earlier because the parameters weren't written in text.  My bad.  Anyhow, after the New Year's tune-up, the RFADJ should be 6.0.  I have set it so, and also changed the C1:PSL-STAT_PMC_NOM_RF_ADJ chan to be 6.0.

PMC aligned.

PMC Trans increased from 0.740 to 0.782

IMC Trans increased from 16200 to 17100

I wanted to check the status of the ISS. The AOM driver response was measured on Friday night.
The beam path has not been disturbed yet.

- I found the AOM crystal was removed from the beam path. It was left so.

- The AOM crystal has +24V power supply in stead of specified +28V.
  I wanted to check the functionality of the AOM driver.

- I've inserted a 20dB directional coupler between the driver and the crystal.
  To do so, I first turned off the power supply by removing the corresponding fuse block at the side panel of the 1X1 Rack.
  Then ZFDC-20-5-S+ was inserted, the coupled output was connected to a 100MHz oscilloscope with 50Ohm termination.
  Then plugged in the fuse block again to energize the driver box.

  Note that the oscilloscope bandwidth caused reduction the amplitude by a factor of 0.78. In the result, this has already been compensated.

- First, I checked the applied offset from a signal generator (SG) and the actual voltage at the AOM input. The SG OUT
  and the AOM control input are supposed to have an impedance of 50Ohm. However, apparently the voltage seen at the
  AOM in was low. It behaved as if the input impedance of the AOM driver is 25Ohm.
  In any case, we want to use low output impedance source to drive the AOM driver, but we should keep this in mind.

- The first attachment shows the output RF amplitude as a function of the DC offset. The horizontal axis is the DC voltage AT THE AOM INPUT (not at the SG out).
  Above 0.5V offset some non linearity is seen. I wasn't sure if this is related to the lower supply voltage or not. I'd use the nominal DC of 0.5V@AOM.

  The output with the input of 1V does not reach the specified output of 2W (33dBm). I didn't touch the RF output adjustment yet. And again the suppy is not +28V but +24V.

- I decided to measure the frequency response at the offset of 0.53V@AOM, this corresponds to the DC offset of 0.8V. 0.3Vpp oscillation was given.
  i.e. The SG out seen by a high-Z scope is V_SG(t) = 1.59 + 0.3 Sin(2 pi f t) [V]. The AOM drive voltage V_AOM(t) = 0.53 + 0.099 Sin(2 pi f t).
  From the max and min amplitudes observed in the osciiloscope, the response was checked. (Attachment 2)
  The plot shows how much is the modulation depth (0~1) when the amplitude of 1Vpk is applied at the AOM input.
  The value is ~2 [1/V] at DC. This makes sense as the control amplitude is 0.5, the applied voltage swings from 0V-1V and yields 100% modulation.

  At 10MHz the first sign of reduction is seen, then the response starts dropping above 10MHz. The specification says the rise time of the driver is 12nsec.
  If the system has a single pole, there is a relationship between the rise time (t_rise) and the cut-off freq (fc) as fc*t_rise = 0.35 (cf Wikipedia "Rise Time").
  If we beieve this, the specification of fc is 30MHz. That sounds too high compared to the measurement (fc ~15MHz).
  In any case the response is pretty flat up to 3MHz.

This is good news. It means that the driver probably won't limit the response of the loop - I expect we'll get 20-30 deg of phase lag @ 100 kHz just because of the acoustic response of the AOM PZT + crystal.

PMC was locked in a bad state. FSS slow actuator adjust was at ~ -0.7 and PZT voltage at ~45.

So I set these right by moving the appropriate sliders and relocked it. FSS slow actuator adjust brought back to zero and PZT voltage ~115. PMC trans after relock is 0.789.
 

Another thought about the mystery PCDRIVE noise: we've been thinking that it could be some slow death inside the NPRO, but it might also be a broken and intermittent thing in the MC servo or MC REFL PD.

Another possibility is that its frequency noise in the old oscillator used to drive the pre-PMC EOM (which is the Pockel Cell for the FSS). To check this, we should swap in a low noise oscillator for the PMC. I have one for testing which has 36 and 37 MHz outputs.

The laser went off around 11am yesterday. It was turned on

Let's order a pair of 35.5 MHz Wenzel for this guy and package like Rich has done for the WB low noise oscillators.

WE're only sending 6 dBm into it now and its using a 13 dBm mixer. Bad for PMC stability.

Also, if anyone has pix of the servo card, please add them to the DCC page for the PMC.

I just turned off the PSL enclousure lights.
 

The PMC is not happy and the ITMX UL OSEM is moving too much

[Yutaro, Koji]

We found that the PMC LO level was fluctuating in a strage way (it was not stable but had many clitches like an exponential decay), we suspected the infamous PMC LO level decay. In fact, in June 2014 when Rana recalibrated the LO level,  the number on the medm screen (C1:PSL-PMC_LO_CALC) was about 11dBm. However, today it was about 6dBm. So we decided to jump in to the 1X1 rack.

The LO and PC outputs of the PMC Crystal module (D980353) were measured to be 6.2dBm and 13.3dBm. Rana reported in ELOG 10160 that it was measured to be 11.5dBm. So apparently the LO level decayed. Unfortunately, there was no record of the PC output level. In any case, we decided to pull the module for the replacement of ERA-5 chips.

Once we opened the box we found that the board was covered by some greasy material. The ERA-5 chip on the LO chain seemed unreasonably brittle. It was destryed during desoldering. We also replaced the ERA-5 chip in the PC chain, just in case. The board was cleaned by the defluxing liquids.

Taking an advatage of this chance, the SMA  cables around the PMC were checked. By removing some of the heat shrinks, suspicious broken shields of the connectors were found. We provided additional solder to repair them.

After the repair, the LO and PC output levels became icreased to 17.0dBm(!) and 13.8dBm, respectively. (Victory)
This LO level is way too much compared to Rana's value. The MEDM LO power adj has little effect and the adj range was 16dBm~17dBm. Therefore we moved the slider to 10, which yields 16dBm out, and added a 5dB attenuator. The measured LO level after the attenuator was measured to be 11.2dBm.

Locking of the PMC was tried and immediately acquired the lock. However, we noticed that the nomoinal gain of 10dB cause the oscillation of the servo. As we already adjusted the LO level to recover the nominal value, we suspeced that the modulation depth could be larger than before. We left the gain at 0dB that doesn't cause the oscillation. It should be noted that the demodulation phase and the openloop gain were optimized. This should be done in the day time as soon as possible.

When the PMC LO repair was completed, the transmission of the PMC got decreased to 0.700V. The input alignment has been adjusted and the transmission level of 0.739V has been recovered.

The IMC lock stretch is not stable as before yet. Therefore, there would still be the issue somewhere else.

I think the IMC locking was somewhat improved. Still it is not solid as long time before.

Before the PMC fix (attachment 1)
After the PMC fix (attachment 2)

To do
- PMC loop inspection / phase check / spectral measurements
- PMC / IMC interaction
- IMC loop check
 

PMC follow up measurements have been done. The servo circuit was reviewed.

Now the PMC, IMC, X/Y arms are locked and aligned waiting for the IFO work although I still think something is moving (ITMX?)
as the FPMI fringe is quite fast.

The result of the precise inspection for the PMC servo board for the 40m was done.

The record, including the photo of the board, can be found at https://dcc.ligo.org/D1400221-v2

- I found some ceramic 1uF caps are used in the signal path. They have been replaced with film caps by WIMA.

- In later measurements with the openloop TF measurement, it was found that the notch frequency (14.6kHz) was off from the a sharp PZT resonance at 12.2kHz.
I replaced the combined caps of 1220pF to 1742pF. This resulted nice agreement of the notch freq with the PZT resonant freq.

Past related elogs:

SRA-3MH mixer installed in 2009: http://nodus.ligo.caltech.edu:8080/40m/1502

R20 increased for more LO Mon gain: http://nodus.ligo.caltech.edu:8080/40m/10172

I'm still analyzing the open loop TF data. Here I report some nominal settings of the PMC servo

Nominal phase setting: 5.7
Nominal gain setting: 3dB

After the tuning of the notch frequency, I thought I could increase the gain from 5dB to 9dB.
However, after several hours of the modification, the PMC servo gradually started to have oscillation.
This seemed to be mitigated by reducing the gain down to 4dB. This may mean that the notch freq got drifted away
due to themperature rise in the module. PA85 produce significant amount of heat.
(The notch frequency did not change. Just the 22kHz peak was causing the oscillation.)

Summary

The PMC servo error (MIX OUT MON on the panel) and actuation (HV OUT MON) have been calibrated using the swept cavity.

Error signal slope in round-trip displacement: 2.93e9 +/- 0.05e9 [V/m]
HV OUT calibration (round-trip displacement): 5.36e-7 +/- 0.17e-7 [m/V]
PZT calibration (round-trip displacement): 10.8 +/- 0.3 [nm/V] => corresponds to ~2.5 fringes for 0~250V full range => not crazy

Measurement condition

The transmission level: 0.743V (on the PMC MEDM screen)
LO level: ~13dBm (after 3dB attenuation)
Phase setting: 5.7
PMC Servo gain: 7dB during the measurement (nominal 3dB)

Method

- Chose PMC actuation "BLANK" to disable servo
- Connect DS345 function generator to EXT DC input on the panel
- Monitor "MIX OUT MON" and "HV OUT MON" with an oscilloscope
- Inject a triangular wave with ~1Vpp@1 or 2Hz with appropriate offset to see the cavity resonance at about the middle of the sweep.
  The frequency of the sweep was decided considering the LPF corner freq formed by the output impedance and the capacitance of the PZT. (i.e. 11.3Hz, see next entry)

Result

- 4 sweep was taken (one 2Hz seep, three 1Hz sweep)
- The example of the sweep is shown in the attachment.
- The input triangular wave and the PDH slopes were fitted by linear lines.
- Spacing between the sideband zero crossing corresponds to twice of the modulation frequency (2x35.5MHz = 71MHz)
- The error signal slope was calibrated as V/MHz
- FSR of the PMC is given by google https://www.google.com/search?q=LIGO+pmc.m
  => Cavity round trip length is 0.4095m, FSR is 732.2MHz
- Convert frequency into round-trip displacement

- Convert HV OUT MON signal into displacement in the same way.
- The voltage applied to the PZT element is obtained considering the ratio of 49.6 between the actual HV and the HV OUT MON voltage.

The PMC PZT capacitance was measured.
- Turn off the HV supplies. Disconnect HV OUT cable.
- Make sure the cable is discharged.
- Measure the capacity at the cable end with an impedance meter.
=> The PMC PZT capacitance at the cable end was measured to be 222nF
Combined with the output impedance of 63.3kOhm, the LPF pole is at 11.3Hz

Summary

The PMC servo was analysed. OLTF was measured and modeled by ZPK (Attachment 1). The error and actuator signals were calibrated in m/rtHz (Attachment 2)

Measurement methods

OLTF:

- The PMC servo board does not have dedicated summing/monitor points for the OLTF measurement. Moreover the PZT HV output voltage is monitored with 1/49.6 attenuation.
  Therefore we need a bit of consideration.

- The noise injection can be done at EXT DC.
- Quantity (A): Transfer function between HV OUT MON and MIX OUT MON with the injection.
  We can measure the transfer function between the HV OUT (virtual) and the MIX OUT. (HV OUT->MIX OUT). In reality, HV OUT is attenuated by factor of 49.6.
  i.e. A = (HV_OUT->MIX_OUT)*49.6
- Quantity (B): Transfer function between HV OUT MON and MIX OUT MON without the injection.
  This is related to the transfer function between the MIX OUT and HV OUT. In reality, HV OUT is attenuated. 
  i.e. B = 1/((MIX_OUT->HV_OUT)/49.6)

- What we want to know is HV_OUT->MIX_OUT->HV_OUT. i.e. A/B = (HV_OUT->MIX_OUT*49.6)*((MIX_OUT->HV_OUT)/49.6) = HV_OUT->MIX_OUT->HV_OUT

PSD:

- The MIX OUT and HV OUT spectra have been measured. The MIX OUT was calibrated with the calibration factor in the previous entry. This is the inloop stability estimation.
  From the calibrated MIX OUT and HV OUT, the free running stability of the cavity was estimated, by mutiplying with |1-OLTF| and |1-1/(1-OLTF)|, respectively, in order to recover
  the free running motion.

OLTF Modeling

Here is the model function for the open loop TF. The first line comes from the circuit diagram. The overall factor was determined by eye-fit.
The second and third lines are to reproduce the peak/notch feature at 12kHz. The fourth line is to reproduce 28kHz feature.
The LPF right after the mixer was analyzed by a circuit simulation (Circuit Lab). It can be approximated as 150kHz LPF as the second pole
seems to come at 1.5MHz.

The sixth line comes from the LPF formed by the output resistance and the PZT capacitance.

The seventh line is to reproduce the limit by the GBW product of OP27. As the gain is 101 in one of the stages,
it yields the pole freq of ~80kHz. But it is not enough to explain the phase delay at low frequency. Therefore this
discrepancy was compensated by empirical LPF at 30kHz.

function cmpOLTFc = PMC_OLTF_model(freqOLTFc)

cmpOLTFc = -7e5*pole1(freqOLTFc,0.162).*zero1(freqOLTFc,491)... % from the circuit diagram
    .*zero2(freqOLTFc,12.5e3,100)... % eye-fit
    .*pole2(freqOLTFc,12.2e3,6)... % eye-fit
    .*pole2(freqOLTFc,27.8e3, 12)... % eye-fit
    .*pole1(freqOLTFc,150e3)... % Mixer LPF estimated from Circuit Lab Simulation
    .*pole1(freqOLTFc,11.3)... % Output Impedance + PZT LPF
    .*pole1(freqOLTFc,8e6/101)... % GBW OP27
    .*pole1(freqOLTFc,3e4); % Unknown

end

Result

Attachment 1:

The nominal OLTF (Nov 17 data) shows the nominal UGF is ~1.7kHz and the phase margin of ~60deg.

The measured OLTF was compared with the modelled OLTF. In the end they show very sufficient agreement for further calibration.
The servo is about to be instable at 28kHz due to unknown series resonance. Later in the same day, the gain of the PMC loop had to be
reduced from 7dB to 3dB to mitigate servo oscillation. It is likely that this peak caused the oscillation. The notch frequency was measured
next day and it showed no sign of frequncy drift. That's good.

We still have some phase to reduce the high freq peaks by an LPF in order to increase the over all gain.

Attachment 2:

The red curve shows the residual floor displacement of 2~10x10^-15 m/rtHz. Below 4Hz there is a big peak. I suspect that I forgot to close
the PSL shutter and the IMC was locked during the measurement. Then does this mean the measured noise corresponds to the residual laser
freq noise or the PMC cavity displacement? This is interesting to see.

The estimated free running motion from the error and actuation signals agrees very well. This ensures the precision of the caibration in the precious entries.
 

As a final tune of the PMC servo, I've added 1nF cap at the error signal amplification stage. The diagram has been updated and uploaded to DCC. https://dcc.ligo.org/D1400221

It should be noted that this modification yielded the error signal to have 17.5kHz roll off.

The openloop TF after the modification has been measured. (Attachment 1)

With the new nominal gain of 9dB, almost the same gain margin for the 28kHz peak has been realized.
=> We have 6dB (factor of 2) more gain at low frequency. Currently, the feature at 8kHz causes the oscillation when the gain is further increased.
 

Here is the model function for the OLTF.

function cmpOLTFc = PMC_OLTF_model(freqOLTFc)

cmpOLTFc = -9.5e5*pole1(freqOLTFc,0.162).*zero1(freqOLTFc,491)... % from the circuit diagram
    .*pole1(freqOLTFc,17.5e3)... % Newly implemented input filter => GBW pole was replaced with this
    .*zero2(freqOLTFc,12.5e3,100)... % eye-fit
    .*pole2(freqOLTFc,12.2e3,6)... % eye-fit
    .*pole2(freqOLTFc,28.8e3, 12)... % eye-fit
    .*pole1(freqOLTFc,150e3)... % Mixer LPF estimated from Circuit Lab Simulation
    .*pole1(freqOLTFc,11.3)... % Output Impedance + PZT LPF
    .*pole1(freqOLTFc,3e4); % Unknown   
end

The free-running round-trip displacement (roundtrip) / frequency noise is shown in Attachments. There we compare the spectra with and without IMC locked.

i.e. When the IMC is not locked, we are measuring the laser frequency noise with the sensor (PMC cavity) that is noisy due to the PMC displacement.
When the IMC is locked, the laser frequency is further stabilized while the sensor (PMC) noise is not changed.

- Without IMC locked

Can we see the laser freq noise? It seems that it is visible above 100Hz.
The red curve is the measured noise level. The NPRO (although it is LWE NPRO) noise level from S. Nagano's thesis (see our wiki) is shown there.

- With IMC locked

When the IC is locked, we see the increase of the noise between 1~4Hz. It means that the IMC is not only noisier than the laser, but also noisier than the PMC cavity.
Sounds reasonable. And the PMC is capable to handle this motion.

The reduction of the frequency noise is seen from 100Hz to 30kHz.

The interesting point is that we can see the noise increase above 30kHz when the IMC is locked.
I believe that the phase correction EOM is shared with the PMC modulation. i.e. PMC sees the corrected laser frequency.

We expect that the frequency noise is reduced at this frequency. But in reality not.

In addition, there is a sharp peak at ~35kHz. I wonder If this is caused by the IMC servo. It is worse to investigate.