I just want to catch up on my conclusion that a single seismometer cannot be used to do the filtering of horizontal NN at the surface. The reason is that there is 90° phase delay of NN compared to ground displacement at the test mass. The first reaction to this shoulb be, "Why the hack phase delay? Wouldn't gravity perturbations become important before the seismic field reaches the TM?". The answer is surprising, but it is "No". The way NN builds up from plane waves does not show anything like phase advance. Then you may say that whatever is true for plane waves must be true for any other field since you can always expand your field into plane waves. This however is not true for reasons I am going to explain in a later post. All right, but to say that seismic dispalcement is 90° ahead of NN really depends on which directoin of NN you look at. The interferometer arm has a direcion e_x. Now the plane seismic wave is propagating along e_k. Now depending on e_k, you may get an additional "-" sign between seismic dispalcement and NN in the direction of e_x. This is the real show killer. If there was a universal 90° between seismic displacement and NN, then we could use a single seismometer to subtract NN. We would just take its data from 90° into the past. But now the problem is that we would need to look either 90° into the past or future depending on propagation direction of the seismic wave. And here two plots of a single-wave simulation. The first plots with -pi/2<angle(e_x,e_k)<pi/2, the second with pi/2<angle(e_x,e_k)<3*pi/2: