ID |
Date |
Author |
Type |
Category |
Subject |
10119
|
Wed Jul 2 11:32:44 2014 |
Jenne, TaraV | Update | PEM | Status of seismometer stations, Yend Guralp moved | [Jenne, TaraV]
We had a look this morning at the status of the seismometer array, so that we can get it all put together. While we were looking at the Guralp at the Yend, we noticed that it was pointing the wrong way. The North-South nubbins were pointed East-West, so X and Y coming out of the seismometer were backward.
To fix the Yend's Guralp, we powered off the Guralp readout box, rotated the seismometer, re-leveled it, and then turned the power back on. Now X from the seismometer lines up with the X data channel, and similarly for Y.
The Yend Guralp has all of the cabling needed, and is installed on the granite slab. This seismometer doesn't need any more work for now. When we get around to it, we'll need to do some kind of thermal insulation, but other than that, it's good to go.
The Xend will also have a Guralp (Zach still has it in the Gyro lab for now). We have the long cable that should go from the readout box to the slab that we'll need to put into the cable tray. The short cable from the slab's plate to the seismometer is already in place. For this seismometer, we should just need to plop the instrument in place and lay the cable in the overhead cable trays. We should also remove the now obsolete STS-2 cable while we're doing that. So, the Xend seismometer station doesn't need too much work.
The corner station will need more work. Zach made for us the long cable, although he still has it in the Gyro lab, so when we get the seismometer and cable back, we'll need to lay that cable in the overhead trays. The short cable from the slab's plate to the seismometer does not exist yet. We want to make sure that we can feed the finished cable and connector through the hole in the slab, and then we'll solder it up out here on the EE bench. I think this is how Den was doing things. If not, we'll have to do the soldering in-situ, which we don't want. So, for the corner station, we need to make the short cable, lay the long cable, get the T-240 back from Zach and put it on the slab, re-install the readout box that Zach has, etc, etc. We should also make sure that the spaghetti pot fits on the slab, underneath the piece of metal that's sticking out over the slab. We think that it's the same amount of clearance that the Yend pot has, so it should be okay, but we'll check. The O-ring seems to be sitting on the MC2 chamber, so we should remember that.
Neither the Xend nor the corner station had the yellow dog clamps, so we'll have to figure out where Den / Steve have hidden them.
EDIT: We have checked, and the Guralp connector, which is larger than the Trillium connector, fits through the hole in the slab (with some disassembly), so we can solder together the short cable out here on the EE bench, and install it separately. Eeeeexxxxxcelllent. |
8990
|
Fri Aug 9 16:49:35 2013 |
Jenne, manasa | Update | Electronics | Post-vent alignment cont'd - RFPDs | Notes to the fiber team:
I am aligning beam onto the RFPDs (I have finished all 4 REFL diodes, and AS55), in preparation for locking.
In doing so, I have noticed that the fiber lasers for the RFPD testing are always illuminating the photodiodes! This seems bad! Ack!
For now, I blocked the laser light coming from the fiber, did my alignment, then removed my blocks. The exception is REFL55, which I have left an aluminum beam dump, so that we can use REFL55 for PRM-ITMY locking, so I can align the POP diodes.
EDIT: I have also aligned POP QPD, and POP110/22. The fiber launcher for POP110 was not tight in its mount, so when I went to put a beam block in front of it and touched the mount, the whole thing spun a little bit. Now the fiber to POP110 is totally misaligned, and should be realigned.
What was done for the alignment:
1. Aligned the arms (ran ASS).
2. Aligned the beam to all the REFL and AS PDs.
3. Misaligned the ETMs and ITMX.
4. Locked PRM+ITMY using REFL11.
The following were modified to enable locking
(1) PRCL gain changed from +2.0 to -12.
(2) Power normalization matrix for PRCL changed from +10.0 to 0.
(3) FM3 in PRCL servo filter module was turned OFF.
5. POP PDs were aligned. |
2284
|
Tue Nov 17 21:09:17 2009 |
Jenne, rana | Update | General | Little Thorlabs Photodiode | [Rana, Jenne]
We opened up the little Thorlabs battery operated PD to see what was inside. Rana took some pictures, and I drew a schematic (attached). It's just a diode, biased with a battery (albeit a crazy 22.5V battery).
---------------
Comment by KA: PD is Hamamatsu S1223-01 Si PIN diode.
What a crazy battery. The main point is that it looks like this can be used for reasonable purposes: uses a load resistor on the BNC connector and you can use some pre-amp (e.g. Busby box or SR560) to have a low noise PD readout. You can also use the SR560 in its A-B mode as an 'opamp'. Ground the A input and the use a pole at 1 Hz and make the Output go into the B input through some large series resistor. The BNC from the PD gets Teed into the B input as well.
Then this becomes a transimpedance circuit readout of the diode, using the current noise of the SR560 as the limit. |
Attachment 1: ThorlabsPD.png
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|
3137
|
Tue Jun 29 16:44:12 2010 |
Jenne, rana | Update | MOPA | MOPA is NOT dead, was just asleep |
Quote: |
Not dead. It just had a HT fault. You can tell by reading the front panel. Cycling the power usually fixes this.
|
MOPA is back onliine. Rana found that the fuse in the AC power connector's fuse had blown. This was evident by smelling all of the inputs and outputs of the MOPA controller. The power cord we were using for this was only rated for 10A and therefore was a safety hazard. The fuse should be rated to blow before the power cord catches on fire. The power cord end was slightly melted. I don't know why it hadn't failed in the last 12 years, but I guess the MOPA was drawing a lot of extra current for the DTEC or something due to the high temperature of the head.
We got some new fuses from Todd @ Downs.
The ones we got however were fast-blow, and that's what we want The fuses are 10A, 250V. The fuses are ~.08 inches long, 0.2 inches in diameter. |
10146
|
Mon Jul 7 21:36:33 2014 |
Jenne, rana | Update | PSL | PMC local oscillator is going wonky | The PMC local oscillator is going a little weird dying. We need to check out why the level is fluctuating so much.
Here's a 6 month plot, where you can see that the lower level keeps getting lower (y-axis is dBm):

This LHO entry from 2008 shows where we first discovered this effect. As Rick Savage and Paul Schwinberg later found out, the ERA-5SM+ amplifier slowly degrades over several years and was replaced for both of the eLIGO interferometers. We have spares in the Blue box and can replace this sometime during the day.
Our PMC LO is made by this obsolete crystal oscillator circuit: D000419. There are many versions of this floating around, but they all have the ERA-5 issue. |
1090
|
Fri Oct 24 22:30:38 2008 |
Jenne,rana | Update | PEM | Noise from Guralp Seismometer | Attached is a Power Spectrum of the noise on the Vert1 channel of the Guralp seismometer. The noise is in the several hundreds of nV/rtHz up near 50Hz and higher, but is in the several microV/rtHz range at lower frequencies. Our high frequency noise is almost definitely below the noise of the ADC, but the lower frequencies, where we actually care, it's not as clear.
To Do list:
- Measure the noise of the ADC - is the Guralp Box lower for all frequencies?
- Use conversion factors to convert this measured noise into the minimum ground motion that we can measure. Is this at least a factor of 100 lower than our regular ground motion?
** UPDATE: This is actually the noise of the Guralp breakout box, not the Guralp itself. It is the noise measured on the output of the box
with the input shorted. The board is configured to have a gain of 20 (10 from the AD620 and 2x for differential drive). We also measured
directly at the AD620 output and all of this noise comes directly from that chip. If Jenne calculates that this noise is too high we would
have to find a replacement with a better low frequency floor (e.g. LT1012 or LT1007 depending on the Guralps source impedance). |
Attachment 1: Vert1_Noise_24Oct2008.png
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|
5015
|
Thu Jul 21 23:36:51 2011 |
Jenny | Update | | Fitting beam waist with MATLAB | I am starting work on the PSL table at the 40m. My goal is to lock the laser coming from the nearby table to the FP cavity and get a measurement of the response to a temperature step on the surrounding can.
I have to mode match the beam to the cavity. Specifically, I have to mode match to the beam coming from the PMC through the EOM to the polarizing beam splitter. Yesterday David and I measured the beam width at various distances (from a particular lens through which the beam traveled), and I fit that data using MATLAB to find the beam's waist size and location. However, I'm not convinced that the fit is any good, since we only took measurements at five spots and they had large error bars.
z (mm) |
2w_vert (mm) |
2w_horiz (mm) |
180 |
4.68 |
3.38 |
230 |
4.64 |
3.49 |
305 |
4.68 |
3.47 |
370 |
5.1 |
3.81 |
510 |
5.5 |
4.17 |
Here is the fit I obtained using fminsearch. The horizontal beam width measurements were smaller than the vertical width measurements, suggesting that the incoming beam was elliptical. I fit the data for each set of measurements separately and got two waist locations. The red trace is the fit for the horizontal width and the blue represents the vertical width of the beam. Averaging the two fitted waist locations and sizes gives
vert z_0= -1760 mm (waist location)
horiz z_0= -1540 mm (waist location)
vert w_0 = 0.286 mm (waist size)
horiz w_0 = 0.275 mm (waist size)
avg z_0= -1650 mm
avg w_0 = 0.281 mm

Here is the code I used:
I defined the function spotsize.m and then made a function gaussbeam.m that called it with input parameters and returned the least squares error. I then wrote another function twobeamfits.m that ran fminsearch to minimize the least squares error and made the above plot. I've pasted the code below.
spotsize
function omega = spotsize(z_0, w_0, z)
lambda=0.001064;
omega=w_0*(1+(lambda*(z-z_0)/(pi*w_0^2)).^2).^(1/2);
gaussbeam
function sse = gaussbeam(params,xvals,yvals)
%This f'n takes as its inputs
%three parameters (w_0, z_0, and lambda),
%a vector of x-values (distances),
%and an associated vector of y-values (spotsizes),
%It then generates a vector of fitted y-values by applying
%an exponential approach function (single pole), with the given parameters,
%to the x-values.
%It then returns the sum of the squares of the entries of the difference
%between the fitted y-vector and the actual y-vector
z_0=params(1);
w_0=params(2);
fityvals=spotsize(z_0, w_0, xvals);
error=(fityvals - yvals);% .*xvals;
% sse stands for sum of squares error
sse=sum(error.^2);
twobeamfits
function [outputs] = twobeamfits(guesses, dists, vert, horiz)
%This f'n takes as its inputs
%two starting guess parameters (w_0 and z_0),
%a vector of distances (x-values),
%and two associated vectors of measured beam radii,
%the radius measured along the vertical axis
%and the radius measured along a horizontal axis (y-values).
%It then calls the gaussbeam f'n for each set of y-values and minimizes its output (sum of squares error)
%using the fminsearch f'n. It outputs the fit parameters it settles on.
%It then plots the input data, the fitted curves, and the residuals
fminopts=optimset('TolFun',1e-6,'MaxIter', 100000);
vertparams=fminsearch(@gaussbeam,guesses,fminopts,dists,vert);
fitvert=spotsize(vertparams(1), vertparams(2), dists);
resid1=(vert-fitvert)./vert;
spoterror=[.1, .1, .1, .1, .1]; %uncertainties, all in mm
fminopts=optimset('TolFun',1e-6,'MaxIter', 100000);
horizparams=fminsearch(@gaussbeam,guesses,fminopts,dists,horiz);
fithoriz=spotsize(horizparams(1), horizparams(2), dists);
resid2=(horiz-fithoriz)./horiz;
points=linspace(-2000,1000,1000);
figure(1)
hold off
clf
subplot(2,1,1)
hold on
errorbar(dists, vert, spoterror, 'x')
grid
errorbar(dists, horiz, spoterror, 'r*');
plot(points,spotsize(vertparams(1), vertparams(2), points));
plot(points,spotsize(horizparams(1), horizparams(2), points),'r');
xlabel('Distance z (mm)')
title('Gaussian Beam Fits')
ylabel('Spotsize w (mm)')
legend('Vertical Spotsize','Horizontal Spotsize','Vertical Fit',...
'Horizontal Fit','Location','SouthEast')
hold off
subplot(2,1,2)
plot(dists,resid1,'x')
hold on
plot(dists,resid2,'r*');
xlabel('Distance (z)')
title('Residuals')
ylabel('Fractional Difference')
legend('Vertical Fit Residuals','Horizontal Fit Residuals',...
'Location','SouthEast')
grid
outputs=[vertparams horizparams];
Later on I may repeat some measurements and try to gain more certainty in my fit. In the mean time I will use this beam profile for mode matching.
|
5036
|
Tue Jul 26 09:01:53 2011 |
Jenny | Update | Computer Scripts / Programs | Mode matching | I found a mode matching solution to match the beam coming to the PSL table from the AP table so that I can lock the laser beam coming onto the PSL table to the reference cavity on the table. I determined that at the polarizing beam splitter, I want a beam with a q=(147+25.1i)mm (w0=58mm). This came from applying the ABCD matrices for three distances,
- d1=693 mm,
- d12=660.4 mm, and
- d2=393.7 mm, separated
- an f=229.1 mm planoconvex lens and
- an R=300 mm curved mirror.
to a beam with q0 = 406.4i mm (w0=0.371 mm at the PMC).
I obtained the following mode matching solution, which I will try to implement on the PSL table:
The beam I have has waist 0.281 mm at -2.74 m (I set my origin at the polarizing beam splitter--the spot where I want my beam to match the beam coming from the PMC, so all waists are behind that point). These numbers come from the beam-profiling and MATLAB-fitting I did (see 5015).
The solution I chose was: f = 1145.6 mm at -0.95 m and f = 572.7 mm at -0.62 m. This may need to be changed however, if I need to add in some beam steering, which would increase the path length traveled by the beam.

|
5069
|
Sat Jul 30 10:01:35 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | PSL table work | I've been working on the PSL table to put together a setup so that I can measure the reference cavity's response to a temperature step increase at the can surrounding it. My first step was to mode match the beam coming from the AP table to the cavity.
I implemented my mode matching solution. I ended up using a different one from the one I last elogged about. Here is the solution I used:
Two lenses: f = 1016.7.6 mm at -0.96 m and f = 687.5 mm at -0.658 m. (I set my origin at the polarizing beam splitter--the spot where I want my beam to match the beam coming from the PMC, so all waists are behind that point). Below is what it should look like.
 
What I did on the table:
- Before placing lenses I aligned the beam and added a 1/2-wave plate between the two polarizing beam splitters to change the polarization of the beam from S to P.
- I aligned the beam so that it reflected off of the cavity opening (monitoring the reflected power with a photodetector connected to an oscilloscope and tweaking the alignment to maximize the reflected signal).
- I then placed the lenses at -0.93 and -0.64 mm because the exact spots were blocked by optics being used in another setup.
- I reasoned that since the fitting for the initial waist is so uncertain, the lens position being off by a few cm will not produce the dominating source of error. I am now driving the laser frequency using a lock-in as a function generator to drive the laser temperature at ~1 Hz. I'm then monitoring the power transmitted by the reference cavity with a camera connected to a TV monitor. I will use this setup to improve my mode matching.
Here's a picture of the PSL table with the lenses and mirror I added. The beam is redirected by a mirror and then a polarizing beam splitter. Past the beam splitter is another lens (f=286.5 mm), which was already in place from the mode matching of the beam from the PMC to the reference cavity.

Here is a block diagram of my intended experimental setup:

I am going to try to lock the laser to the cavity given my preliminary mode matching and then go back and improve it later. My next step is to find a frequency range for dithering the voltage sent to the PZT. To do this I will:
- Measure the transfer function (amplitude response) of the PZT using a photodiode. The power outputted by the laser varies with driving frequency.
- Find a frequency region in which the amplitude response is low.
|
Attachment 3: LIGO_block_diagram.png
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5070
|
Sat Jul 30 10:03:32 2011 |
Jenny | Update | Computer Scripts / Programs | Mode matching | I ended up having to switch to a different mode-matching solution, because I was unable to find the f = 572.7 mm lens. See my next elog entry (5069). |
5096
|
Tue Aug 2 17:40:04 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Reducing beam intensity incident on photodiode | I am using a PDA255 photodiode to measure the power outputted by the NPRO beam on the PSL table. (I'm going to then use a network analyzer to measure the amplitude response of the PZT to being driven at a range of frequencies. I'll detect the variation in in response to changing the driving frequency using this PDA255.)
The PDA255 has an active area of 0.8mm^2 and a maximum intensity for which the response is linear of 10mW/cm^2. This means that a beam I focus on the PD must have a power less than 0.08 mW (and even less if the spot size is smaller than the window size).
I used a power meter to measure the beam power and found it was 0.381 mW.
The second polarizing beam splitter in the setup transmits most of the beam power, but reflects 0.04 mW (according to the power meter). I'm going to place the photodiode there in the path of the reflected beam. |
5114
|
Thu Aug 4 00:04:52 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Network analyzer and PD set up to measure amplitude response of PZT | Today I placed the PDA255 photodiode on the PSL table to catch the small amount of beam power reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter in my setup. I plugged the PD output to the oscilloscope to measure the voltage output and positioned the PD such that the voltage output was maximized. At best I was able to achieve a 300 mV DC output voltage from the PD, (which seems a bit low, as the PD is specified to go from 0 to 5 V and the specifications say that the response becomes nonlinear after 10 mW/cm^2 and my beam has an intensity of approximately 5 mw/cm^2. I would therefore expect to get more beam power but after over an hour of maneuvering, 300 mV was the highest voltage output I could get).
I am planning, tomorrow afternoon, to take a measurement of the amplitude response of the PZT driving the NPRO laser. I moved the 4395 spectrum/network analyzer to near the PSL table and connected the RF output to an RF splitter. I fed one output of that into the PZT and the other output into the R port on the network analyzer. I fed the PD output into the A port. I plan to measure A/R as a function of driving frequency, sweeping from 10 Hz to 30 mHz.
I also worked to improve the mode matching of the NPRO beam coming from the AP table to the reference cavity. I drove the temperature of the NPRO at 0.100 Hz with an amplitude of 0.300 V, which Koji told me corresponds to a 1GHz change in the laser frequency. The transmission from the cavity is being monitored by a camera connected to a TV monitor, and also by a PD connected to an oscilloscope. I then repositioned the second lens in my mode matching setup in an attempt to increase the transmission peaks from the zeroth order spacial mode and decrease the transmission peaks from higher order modes. I may have improved the mode matching slightly but I was unable to improve it significantly. |
5126
|
Fri Aug 5 18:29:35 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Network analyzer and PD set up to measure amplitude response of PZT |
Quote: |
Today I placed the PDA255 photodiode on the PSL table to catch the small amount of beam power reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter in my setup. I plugged the PD output to the oscilloscope to measure the voltage output and positioned the PD such that the voltage output was maximized. At best I was able to achieve a 300 mV DC output voltage from the PD, (which seems a bit low, as the PD is specified to go from 0 to 5 V and the specifications say that the response becomes nonlinear after 10 mW/cm^2 and my beam has an intensity of approximately 5 mw/cm^2. I would therefore expect to get more beam power but after over an hour of maneuvering, 300 mV was the highest voltage output I could get).
I am planning, tomorrow afternoon, to take a measurement of the amplitude response of the PZT driving the NPRO laser. I moved the 4395 spectrum/network analyzer to near the PSL table and connected the RF output to an RF splitter. I fed one output of that into the PZT and the other output into the R port on the network analyzer. I fed the PD output into the A port. I plan to measure A/R as a function of driving frequency, sweeping from 10 Hz to 30 mHz.
I also worked to improve the mode matching of the NPRO beam coming from the AP table to the reference cavity. I drove the temperature of the NPRO at 0.100 Hz with an amplitude of 0.300 V, which Koji told me corresponds to a 1GHz change in the laser frequency. The transmission from the cavity is being monitored by a camera connected to a TV monitor, and also by a PD connected to an oscilloscope. I then repositioned the second lens in my mode matching setup in an attempt to increase the transmission peaks from the zeroth order spacial mode and decrease the transmission peaks from higher order modes. I may have improved the mode matching slightly but I was unable to improve it significantly.
|
The ABSL beam had been blocked so that it wouldn't enter the interferometer. I moved the block so that the beam I've been using is unblocked by the beam going to the interferometer is still blocked.
I positioned a fast lens (f=28.7mm) a little over an inch in front of the PDA255 in order to decrease the spot size incident on the PD. I adjusted the rotation angle of the half wave plate to maximize the transmitted power through the PBS to the cavity and minimize the power reflected to my PD. I then adjusted the lens potion to fix the beam on the PD. The voltage output of the PD is now 150mW, but I have the ability to increase the incident power by rotating the wave plate slightly.
Now all I need is to set up the network analyzer again to record the amplitude response to modulating the PZT from 10 Hz to 30 MHz, reduce the input voltage into the analyzer using a DC block. |
5144
|
Mon Aug 8 20:23:14 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Network analyzer and PD set up to measure amplitude response of PZT |
Quote: |
Quote: |
Today I placed the PDA255 photodiode on the PSL table to catch the small amount of beam power reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter in my setup. I plugged the PD output to the oscilloscope to measure the voltage output and positioned the PD such that the voltage output was maximized. At best I was able to achieve a 300 mV DC output voltage from the PD, (which seems a bit low, as the PD is specified to go from 0 to 5 V and the specifications say that the response becomes nonlinear after 10 mW/cm^2 and my beam has an intensity of approximately 5 mw/cm^2. I would therefore expect to get more beam power but after over an hour of maneuvering, 300 mV was the highest voltage output I could get).
I am planning, tomorrow afternoon, to take a measurement of the amplitude response of the PZT driving the NPRO laser. I moved the 4395 spectrum/network analyzer to near the PSL table and connected the RF output to an RF splitter. I fed one output of that into the PZT and the other output into the R port on the network analyzer. I fed the PD output into the A port. I plan to measure A/R as a function of driving frequency, sweeping from 10 Hz to 30 mHz.
I also worked to improve the mode matching of the NPRO beam coming from the AP table to the reference cavity. I drove the temperature of the NPRO at 0.100 Hz with an amplitude of 0.300 V, which Koji told me corresponds to a 1GHz change in the laser frequency. The transmission from the cavity is being monitored by a camera connected to a TV monitor, and also by a PD connected to an oscilloscope. I then repositioned the second lens in my mode matching setup in an attempt to increase the transmission peaks from the zeroth order spacial mode and decrease the transmission peaks from higher order modes. I may have improved the mode matching slightly but I was unable to improve it significantly.
|
The ABSL beam had been blocked so that it wouldn't enter the interferometer. I moved the block so that the beam I've been using is unblocked by the beam going to the interferometer is still blocked.
I positioned a fast lens (f=28.7mm) a little over an inch in front of the PDA255 in order to decrease the spot size incident on the PD. I adjusted the rotation angle of the half wave plate to maximize the transmitted power through the PBS to the cavity and minimize the power reflected to my PD. I then adjusted the lens potion to fix the beam on the PD. The voltage output of the PD is now 150mW, but I have the ability to increase the incident power by rotating the wave plate slightly.
Now all I need is to set up the network analyzer again to record the amplitude response to modulating the PZT from 10 Hz to 30 MHz, reduce the input voltage into the analyzer using a DC block.
|
I rolled the network analyzer over to the PSL table (on the south side). I'm borrowing the DC block from Kiwamu's green locking setup. I'm going to first measure the amplitude response of a low pass filter to made sure that the analyzer is outputting what I expect. Then I will measure the laser PZT amplitude response. I plan to finish the measurement and return the network analyzer to it's usual location tonight. |
5149
|
Tue Aug 9 02:34:26 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | PZT transfer function measurement | Using a PDA255 on the PSL table, I measured the amplitude response of the NPRO PZT, sweeping from 10kHz to 5 MHz.
I took a run with the laser beam blocked. I then took three runs with the beam unblocked, changing the temperature of the laser by 10 mK between the first two runs and by 100mK between the second and third runs.
At the end of the night I turned off the network analyzer and unplugged the inputs. I'm leaving it near the PSL table, because I'd like to take more measurements tomorrow, probing a narrow bandwidth where the amplitude response is low.
On the PSL table, I'm still monitoring the reflected light from the cavity and the transmitted light through the cavity on the oscilloscope. I'm no longer driving the NPRO temperature with the lock-in.
I closed the shutter on the NPRO laser at the end of the night.
I'll log more details on the data tomorrow morning. |
5156
|
Tue Aug 9 16:00:58 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Amplitude response of PZT | 
The top plot shows a sweep from 10 kHz to 5 MHz of the ratio of the voltage output of the PD detecting power from the NPRO laser beam and the RF source voltage (the magnitude of the complex transfer function). The black trace was taken with the laser beam blocked. For runs 2 and 3 I changed the laser temperature set point by 10 mK and 100 mK respectively to see if there was a significant change in the AM response. The bottom plots shows runs 2 and 3 compared to run 1 plotted in dB (to be explicit, i'm plotting 10 times the base 10 log of the magnitude of the ratio of two complex transfer functions). Changing the temperature seems to have only a minor effect on the output except at around 450kHz, where the response has a large peak in run 1 and much smaller peaks in runs 2 and 3.
The traces in the top plot consist of 16 averages taken with a 300Hz IF bandwidth, 15 dBm source power (attenuated with a 6 dB attenuator) and with 20dB attenuation of the input power from the PD.
Next I'm going to probe a narrow band region where the response is low (2.0MHz or 2.4MHz perhaps) and choose a bandwidth for the dither frequency for the PDH locking. |
Attachment 1: AMresponsePZT.png
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5165
|
Wed Aug 10 02:40:40 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Dither freq for PZT chosen: 2.418 MHz | I've finished using the network analyzer to characterize find a dither frequency for driving the PZT to use in my PDH locking. I found a region in which the amplitude response of the PZT is low: The dip is centered at 2.418 MHz. Changing the NPRO laser temperature by 100mK has no significant effect on the transfer function in that region. I will post plots tomorrow.
I'm finished with the network analyzer. It is unplugged, and the cart is still near the PSL table. (I'll roll it back tomorrow when it won't disturb interferometer locking).
I closed the shutter on the NPRO at the end of the night.
Tomorrow I plan to put together the fast locking setup. I'll drive the PZT at 2.418 MHz. More details to come tomorrow. |
5179
|
Wed Aug 10 20:40:17 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | PDH locking: got an error signal | I ended up choosing a different dither frequency for driving the NPRO PZT: 230 kHz, because the phase modulation response in that region is higher according to other data taken on an NPRO laser (see this entry). At 230 there is a dip in the AM response of the PZT.
I am driving the PZT at 230 kHz and 13 dBm using a function generator. I am then monitoring the RF output of a PD that is detecting light reflected off the cavity. (The dither frequency was below the RF cutoff frequency of the PD, but it was appearing in the "DC output", so I am actually taking the "DC output" of the PD, which has my RF signal in it, blocking the real DC part of it with a DC block, and then mixing the signal with the 230kHz sine wave being sent to the PZT.
I am monitoring the mixer output on an oscilloscope, as well as the transmission through the cavity. I am sweeping the laser temperature using a lock in as a function generator sending out a sine wave at 0.2 V and 5 mHz. When there is a peak in the transmission, the error signal coming from the mixer passes through zero.
My next step is to find or build a low pass filter with a pole somewhere less than 100 kHz to cut out the unwanted higher frequency signal so that I have a demodulated error signal that I can use to lock the laser to the cavity.
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5202
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Fri Aug 12 03:49:45 2011 |
Jenny | Summary | PSL | NPRO PDH-Locked to Ref Cav |
DMass and I locked the NPRO laser (Model M126-1064-700, S/N 238) on the AP table to the reference cavity on the PSL table using the PDH locking setup shown in the block diagram below (the part with the blue background):

A Marconi IFR 2023A signal generator outputs a sine wave at 230 kHz and 13 dBm, which is split. One output of the splitter drives the laser PZT while the other is sent to a 7dBm mixer. Also sent to the mixer is the output of a photodiode that is detecting the reflected power from off the cavity. (A DC block is used so that only RF signal from the PD is sent to the mixer). The output of the mixer goes through an SR560 low-noise preamp, which is set to act as a low pass filter with a gain of 5 and a pole at 30 kHz. That error signal is then sent to the –B port of the LB1005 PDH servo, which has the following settings: PI corner at 10kHz, LF gain limit of 50 dB, and gain of 2.7 (1.74 corresponds to a decade, so the signal is multiplied by 35). The output signal from the LB1005 is added to the 230 kHz dither using another SR560 preamp, and the sum of the signals drive the PZT.
I am monitoring the transmission through the cavity on a digital oscilloscope (not shown in the diagram) and with a camera connected to a TV monitor. I sweep the NPRO laser temperature set point manually until the 0,0 mode of the carrier frequency resonates in the cavity and is visible on the monitor. Then I close the loop and turn on the integrator on the LB1005.
The laser locks to the cavity both when the error signal is sent into the A port and when it is sent into the –B port of the PDH servo. I determined that –B is the right sign by comparing the transmission through the cavity on the oscilloscope for both ways.
When using the A port, the transmission when it was locked swept from ~50 to ~200 mV (over ~10 second intervals) but had large high frequency fluctuations of around +/- 50 mV. Looking at the error signal on the oscilloscope as well, the RMS fluctuations of the error signal were at best ~40 mV peak to peak, which was at a gain of 2.9 on the LB1005.
Using the –B port yielded a transmission that swept from 50 to 250 mV but had smaller high frequency fluctuations of around +/- 20 mV. The error signal RMS was at best 10mV peak to peak, which was at a gain of 2.7. (Although over the course of 10 minutes the gain for which the error signal RMS was smallest would drift up or down by ~0.1).
The open loop error signal peak-to-peak voltage was 180 mV, which is more than an order of magnitude larger than the RMS error signal fluctuations when the loop is closed, indicating that it is staying in the range in which the response is linear.

In the above plot the transmission signal is offset by 0.1 V for clarity.
Below is the closed loop error signal. The inset plot shows the signal viewed over a 1.6 ms time period. You can see ~60 microsecond fluctuations in the signal (~17 kHz)

The system remained locked for ~45 minutes, and may have stayed locked for much longer, but I stopped it by opening the loop and turning off the function generator. Below is a picture of the transmitted light showing up on a monitor, the electronics I'm using, and a semi-ridiculous mess of wires.

I determined that it’s not dangerous to leave the system locked and leave for a while. The maximum voltage that the SR560 will output to the PZT is 10Vpp. This means that it will not drive the PZT at more than +/-5 V DC. At low modulation rates, the PZT can take a voltage on the order of 30 Vpp, according to the Lightwave Series 125-126 user’s manual, so the control signal will not push the PZT too hard such that it’s harmful to the laser.
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Sun Aug 14 04:12:37 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Temperature steps and slow actuator railing | Below are some plots from dataviewer of temperature-step data taken over the past 32 hours. (They show minute trends). I am looking at the thermal coupling from the can surrounding the reference cavity on the PSL table to the cavity itself, and trying to measure the cavity temperature response via the control signal sent to heat the NPRO laser, which is locked to the cavity.


- Top left: out-of-loop temperature sensor on can surrounding ref cav (RCTEMP)
- Top right: control signal sent to slow drive of laser (laser heater), which is supposed to follow the cavity temperature (TMP_OUTPUT)
- Bottom left: in-loop can temperature sensors (MINCOMEAS)
- Bottom right: room temperature reading (RMTEMP)
I stepped the temperature set point from 35 to 36 deg. C for the can at 12:30am last night. Then I waited to see the cavity temperature change and the slow actuator (laser heater: TMP_OUTPUT) follow that change.
I was a bit worried about the oscillations that were occuring in the TMP_OUTPUT signal even long after this temperature step was made, but I figured that they were simply room-temperature changes propagating into the cavity, since they seemed to have a similar pattern to the room-temperature variations, and since it is clear that the out-of-loop temperature sensor on the can (RCTEMP) experiences variations, even when the in-loop sensors are recording no variation.
At 8:46pm tonight I stepped the temperature down 2 degrees to 34 deg. C. The step had a clear effect on TMP_OUTPUT. The voltage to the heater dropped and eventually railed at its lowest output. I'm worried that the loop is unstable, although I haven't ruled out other possibilities, such as that a 2 deg. C temperature step is too large for the loop. I will investigate further in the morning. |
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Sun Aug 14 15:37:39 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Temperature steps and slow actuator railing |
Quote: |
Below are some plots from dataviewer of temperature-step data taken over the past 32 hours. (They show minute trends). I am looking at the thermal coupling from the can surrounding the reference cavity on the PSL table to the cavity itself, and trying to measure the cavity temperature response via the control signal sent to heat the NPRO laser, which is locked to the cavity.


- Top left: out-of-loop temperature sensor on can surrounding ref cav (RCTEMP)
- Top right: control signal sent to slow drive of laser (laser heater), which is supposed to follow the cavity temperature (TMP_OUTPUT)
- Bottom left: in-loop can temperature sensors (MINCOMEAS)
- Bottom right: room temperature reading (RMTEMP)
I stepped the temperature set point from 35 to 36 deg. C for the can at 12:30am last night. Then I waited to see the cavity temperature change and the slow actuator (laser heater: TMP_OUTPUT) follow that change.
I was a bit worried about the oscillations that were occuring in the TMP_OUTPUT signal even long after this temperature step was made, but I figured that they were simply room-temperature changes propagating into the cavity, since they seemed to have a similar pattern to the room-temperature variations, and since it is clear that the out-of-loop temperature sensor on the can (RCTEMP) experiences variations, even when the in-loop sensors are recording no variation.
At 8:46pm tonight I stepped the temperature down 2 degrees to 34 deg. C. The step had a clear effect on TMP_OUTPUT. The voltage to the heater dropped and eventually railed at its lowest output. I'm worried that the loop is unstable, although I haven't ruled out other possibilities, such as that a 2 deg. C temperature step is too large for the loop. I will investigate further in the morning.
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The lock was lost when I came in around noon today to check on it. The slow actuator was still railing.
1) I got lock back for a few minutes, by varying the laser temperature set point manually. TMP_OUTPUT was still reading -30000 cts (minimum allowed) and the transmission was not as high as it had been.
2) I toggled the second filter button off. The TMP_OUTPUT started rising up to ~2000 cts. I then toggled the second filter back on, and TMP_OUTPUT jumped the positive maximum number of counts allowed.
3) I lost the lock again. I turned off the digital output to the slow actuator.
4) I have so far failed at getting the lock back. My main problem is that when the BNC cable to the slow port is plugged in, even when I'm not sending anything to that port, it makes it so that changing the temperature set point manually has almost no effect on the transmission (it looks as though changing the setpoint is not actually changing the temperature, because the monitor shows the same higher order mode even when with +-degree temperature setpoint changes). |
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Fri Aug 19 19:08:40 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Relocking NPRO to reference cavity. | I am trying again to measure a temperature step response on the reference cavity on the PSL table.
I have been working to relock the NPRO to the cavity. I unblocked the laser beam, reassembled the setup described in my previous elog entry: 5202. I then did the following:
1) Monitored error signal (from LB1005 PDH servo), transmitted signal, and control signal sent to drive PZT on oscilloscope.
2) With loop open, swept through 0,0-mode resonance, saw a peak in the transmission, saw an accompanying error signal similar to the signal shown in 5202.
3) Tried to lock. Swept the gain on the LB1005 and could not find a gain that would make it lock. Tried changing the PI-corner freq. from 10 kHz to 30 kHz and back and still could not lock.
4) Noticed that the open loop error signal displayed on the scope was DC-offset from zero. Changed the offset to zero the error signal.
5) Tried to lock again and succeeded.
6) Noticed that upon closing the loop, the error signal became offset from zero again. Turning on the integrator on the LB1005 increased DC-offset.
7) Reduced the gain on the SR560 being used as a low pass filter from 5 to 1. Readjusted the open loop error signal offset on the LB1005.
8) Closed the loop and locked. Closing the loop then caused a much smaller DC change in the signal than I had seen with the larger gain (now around 3mV). RMS fluctuations in error signal are now 1 mV (well within the linear region of the error signal).
9) Noticed transmission has a strange distorted harmonic oscillation in it a 1MHz. (Modulation freq is 230kHz, so it's not that). Checked reflected signal and also saw a strange oscillation--in a sawtooth-like pattern.
I intend to
1) Post oscilloscope traces here showing transmitted and reflected signal when locked.
2) Look upstream to see if the sawtooth-like oscillation is in the laser beam before it enters the cavity:
- Sweep the temperature of the laser so that the beam is no longer resonating in the cavity.
- Compare the reflected signal off the cavity to the signal detected before being directed into the cavity (using the PDA255 that I used for measuring the AM response of the PZT) both with and and without the frequency modulation.
3) At some point, try to close the slow digital loop, perhaps readjusting the gain.
4) Try to measure a temperature step response. |
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Fri Aug 19 23:41:20 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Relocking NPRO to reference cavity. |
Quote: |
I am trying again to measure a temperature step response on the reference cavity on the PSL table.
I have been working to relock the NPRO to the cavity. I unblocked the laser beam, reassembled the setup described in my previous elog entry: 5202. I then did the following:
1) Monitored error signal (from LB1005 PDH servo), transmitted signal, and control signal sent to drive PZT on oscilloscope.
2) With loop open, swept through 0,0-mode resonance, saw a peak in the transmission, saw an accompanying error signal similar to the signal shown in 5202.
3) Tried to lock. Swept the gain on the LB1005 and could not find a gain that would make it lock. Tried changing the PI-corner freq. from 10 kHz to 30 kHz and back and still could not lock.
4) Noticed that the open loop error signal displayed on the scope was DC-offset from zero. Changed the offset to zero the error signal.
5) Tried to lock again and succeeded.
6) Noticed that upon closing the loop, the error signal became offset from zero again. Turning on the integrator on the LB1005 increased DC-offset.
7) Reduced the gain on the SR560 being used as a low pass filter from 5 to 1. Readjusted the open loop error signal offset on the LB1005.
8) Closed the loop and locked. Closing the loop then caused a much smaller DC change in the signal than I had seen with the larger gain (now around 3mV). RMS fluctuations in error signal are now 1 mV (well within the linear region of the error signal).
9) Noticed transmission has a strange distorted harmonic oscillation in it a 1MHz. (Modulation freq is 230kHz, so it's not that). Checked reflected signal and also saw a strange oscillation--in a sawtooth-like pattern.
I intend to
1) Post oscilloscope traces here showing transmitted and reflected signal when locked.
2) Look upstream to see if the sawtooth-like oscillation is in the laser beam before it enters the cavity:
- Sweep the temperature of the laser so that the beam is no longer resonating in the cavity.
- Compare the reflected signal off the cavity to the signal detected before being directed into the cavity (using the PDA255 that I used for measuring the AM response of the PZT) both with and and without the frequency modulation.
3) At some point, try to close the slow digital loop, perhaps readjusting the gain.
4) Try to measure a temperature step response.
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I decided to go forward and try to close the digital loop in spite of the unexplained oscillations in the transmission.
1) Plugged the 20dB attenuator into the slow port on the laser drive. This pushed the laser out of lock and, for some reason, made the laser temperature stop responding to sweeping the set point manually with the knob.
2) Plugged the output from the digital system into the slow port (with the attenuator still in place).
3) Displayed the beam seen by the camera on a monitor in the control room
4) Stepped the laser temperature using MEDM until finding the 0,1 mode. Locked to that mode.
5) Closed the digital loop (input to slow laser drive attenuated 20dB attenuator). Gain 0.010
6) Loop appeared stable for 30 minutes, then temperature began shooting off. I opened the loop, cleared history, reduced the gain to 0.008, and started it again. Loop appears stable after 15 minutes of watching. I'm going to leave it for a few hours, then come back to check on it and, if it's stable, step the can temperature. |
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Sat Aug 20 23:01:39 2011 |
Jenny | Update | PSL | Taking temperature step-response data: successes and tribulations | After finishing my last elog entry, I monitored the digital loop's error signal (the control signal for the fast loop) and the output to the laser heater remotely, (from West Bridge), using dataviewer. The ref cav surrounding can temperature was set to 36 degrees C.
With the loop closed and a gain of 0.008, after seeing the output voltage to the laser heater (TMP_OUTPUT) remain fairly constant and the error signal (TMP_INMON) stay close to zero for ~3 hours, I tried to step the temperature. (This was at 2am last night). I was working remotely from West Bridge. To step the temperature I used the following command:
ezcawrite C1:PSL-FSS_RCPID_SETPOINT 35.5
Rather than change the can temperature to 35.5 C, it outputted:
C1:PSL-FSS_RCPID_SETPOINT=0.
It had set the setpoint to 0 degrees C, which was essentially turning the heater off. I tried resetting it back to 36 and had no luck. I tried changing the syntax slightly.: ezcawrite C1:PSL-FSS_RCPID_SETPOINT=36 and ezcawrite C1:PSL-FSS_RCPID_SETPOINT (36). No success.
I ran over to the 40m and changed the temperature back to 36 manually. The in-loop temp sensor had decreased to 31.5 degrees C before I was able to step the setpoint back up. The system seems to have recovered from this large impulse though, and the laser has remained locked.


(5 hours of minute-trend data)
From left to right:
Top: Out-of-loop can temp sensor; Voltage sent to heat can
Middle: signal sent to heat the laser (TMP_OUTPUT); room temp
Bottom: Error signal for slow loop (sampled control signal from fast loop); In-loop can temp sensor
At 9:30 this morning (7 and a half hours after accidentally setting the setpoint to zero), I came in to the 40m. TMP_OUTPUT was still decreasing but was slowing somewhat, so I decided to step the can temperature up half a decree to 36.5 C.
TMP_OUTPUT responded to the step, but it is also oscillating slowly with room-temperature changes, and these oscillations are on the same order as the step response. The oscillations look like the room-temp oscilations, but inverted. (TMP_OUTPUT reaches maxima when RMTEMP reaches minima). Oddly, there does not appear to be much of a time delay between the room temperature and TMP_OUTPUT signals. I would expect a time delay since there's a time constant for a room-temperature change to propagate into the cavity. Perhaps the laser itself is susceptible to room-temperature changes and those propagate into the laser cavity on a much faster time scale. I don't know the thermal coupling of ambient temperature changes into the laser.


(24-hours of second-trend data)
Options are:
--If the system can handle it, do a larger temperature step (3 degrees, say), so that I can more clearly distinguish the oscillations with room temp from the step response.
--Insulate the cavity with foam (will in principle make the temperature over the can surrounding the ref cav more uniform and less affected by room temperature changes).
--Insulate the laser? Is this possible?
--Leave the system as is and, as a first approximation, fit the room-temp data to a sine wave and subtract it off somehow from my data to just see the step response.
--Don't bother with steps and just try to get the transfer function from out-of-loop temperature (RCTEMP, which is affected by temperature noise from the room) to TMP_OUTPUT via taking the Fourier transforms of both signals.
I'm flying out tomorrow morning, so I'll either need to figure out how to step the temperature set point of the can remotely, successfully, or I'll need someone to manually enter in the temperature steps for me in the control room. |
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Tue Jul 7 17:22:16 2015 |
Jessica | Summary | | Time Delay in ALS Cables | I measured the transfer functions in the delay line cables, and then calculated the time delay from that.
The first cable had a time delay of 1272 ns and the second had a time delay of 1264 ns.
Below are the plots I created to calculate this. There does seem to be a pattern in the residual plots however, which was not expected.
The R-Square parameter was very close to 1 for both fits, indicating that the fit was good. |
Attachment 1: cableA_fit.jpg
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Attachment 2: cableA_resid.jpg
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Attachment 3: cableB_fit.jpg
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Attachment 4: cableB_resid.jpg
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Wed Jul 8 17:46:20 2015 |
Jessica | Summary | General | Updated Time Delay Plots | I re-measured the transfer function for Cable B, because the residuals in my previous post for cable B indicated a bad fit.
I also realized I had made a mistake in calculating the time delay, and calculated more reasonable time delays today.
Cable A had a delay of 202.43 +- 0.01 ns.
Cable B had a delay of 202.44 +- 0.01 ns. |
Attachment 1: resid_CableA.png
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Attachment 2: resid_CableB.png
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Wed Jul 15 17:05:06 2015 |
Jessica | Update | General | Bandpass Pre-Filter created | I applied a bandpass filter to the accelerometer huddle data as a pre-filter. The passband was from 5 Hz to 20 Hz. I found that applying this pre-filter did very little when comparing the PSD after pre-filtering to the PSD with no pre-filtering. There was some improvement though, just not a significant amount. For some reason, it also seemed as though the second accelerometer improved the most from pre-filtering the data, while the first and third remained closer to the unfiltered noise. Also, I have not yet figured out a consistent method for choosing passband ripple and stopband attentuation, both of which determine how good the filter is.
My next step in pre-filtering will be determining a good method for choosing passband ripple and stopband attenuation, along with implementing other pre-filtering methods to combine with the bandpass filter. |
Attachment 1: acc1.png
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Attachment 2: acc2.png
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Attachment 3: acc3.png
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Thu Jul 16 16:33:56 2015 |
Jessica | Update | General | Added Bode Plots of Bandpass Filter | I updated the bandpass filter I was using, finding that having different stopband attenuations before and after the passband better emphasized the area from 3 Hz to 20 Hz. I chose a low passband ripple but high stopband attenuation to do this. My passband ripple was 2 dB, the first stopband was 25 dB, and the second stopband attenuation was 40 dB. As can be seen in the filter Magnitude plot, this resulted in a fairly smooth passband and a fairly step dropoff to the stopband, which will better emphasize the region I am trying to isolate. My goal was to emphasize the 3-20 Hz region 10-30 times more than the outside regions. I think I accomplished this by looking at the Bode plot, but I may have chosen the second stopband attenuation to be slightly too high for this. |
Attachment 1: acc1_update.png
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Attachment 2: acc2_update.png
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Attachment 3: acc3_update.png
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Attachment 4: bp_BodeMag.png
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Attachment 5: bp_BodePhase.png
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Thu Jul 23 20:54:42 2015 |
Jessica | Update | General | ALS Delay Line Box | The front panels for the ALS delay line box came in last week. Some of the holes for the screws were slightly misaligned, so I filed those and everything is now put together. I just need to test both front panels to determine if the SMAs should be isolated or not.
Koji had also suggested making the holes in the front and back panel conical recesses so that flat head screws could be used and would counteract the anodization of the panel and avoid the SMAs being isolated. I think if we did that then conductivity would be ensured throughout the panel and also through the rest of the box. I also think one way we could test this before drilling conical recesses would be to test both front panels now, as one has isolated SMAs and one has conductive SMAs. If the anodization of the panel isolated the SMA regardless, we could potentially figure this out by testing both panels. But, would it also be that it is possible that the isolation of the SMA itself does not matter and so this test would tell us nothing? Is there a better way to test if the SMAs are being isolated or not? Or would this be more time consuming than just drilling conical recesses as a preventative measure? |
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Thu Jul 23 20:57:15 2015 |
Jessica | Summary | General | Applying Pre-filter to data before IIR Wiener Filtering | I updated my bandpass filter and have included the bode plot below in Figure 1. It is a fourth order elliptic bandpass filter with a passband ripple of 1dB and a stopband attenuation of 30 dB. It emphasizes the area between 3 and 40 Hz.
Below, I applied this filter to the huddle test data. The results from this were only slightly better in the targeted region than when no pre-filter was applied.
When I pre-filtered the mode cleaner data and then used an IIR wiener filter, I found that the results did not differ much from the data that was not pre-filtered. I'm not sure yet if I'm targeting the right region of this data with my bandpass filter, and will be looking more into choosing a better region. Also, I am only using certain regions of ff when calculating the transfer function, and need to optimize that region also. I uploaded the code I used to make these plots to github. |
Attachment 1: BodePlot.png
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Attachment 2: acc_bandpass.png
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Attachment 3: mcl_seis.png
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Tue Jul 28 20:42:50 2015 |
Jessica | Summary | General | New Seismometer Data Coherence | I was looking at the new seismometer data and plotted the coherence between the different arms of C1:PEM_GUR1 and C1:PEM_GUR2. There was not much coherence in the X arms, Y arms, or Z arms of each seismometer, but there were within the x and y arms of the seismometer.
I think the area we should focus on with filtering is lower ranges, between 0.01 and 0.1, because that it where coherence is most clearly high. It is higher in high frequencies but also incredibly noisy, meaning it probably wouldn't be good to try to filter there. |
Attachment 1: Coherence1.png
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Attachment 2: Coherence2.png
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Wed Jul 29 11:15:21 2015 |
Jessica | Summary | LSC | PSDs of Arms with seismometer subtraction | Ignacio and I downloaded data from the STS, GUR1, and GUR2 seismometers and from the mode cleaner and the x and y arms. The PSDs along the arms have the most noise at frequencies greater than 1 Hz, so we should focus on filtering in that area. The noise levels start dropping at around 30 Hz, but are still much higher than is seen at frequencies below 1 Hz. However, because the spectra is so low at frequencies below that, Wiener filtering alone injected a significant amount of noise into those frequencies and did not do much to reduce the noise at higher frequencies. Pre-filtering will be required, and I have started implementing a pre-filter, but with no improvements yet. So far, I have tried making a bandpass filter, but a highpass filter may be ideal in this case because so much of the noise is above 1 Hz. |
Attachment 1: Arms_PSD.png
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Attachment 2: XArm_PSD.png
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Attachment 3: YArm_PSD.png
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Thu Jul 30 18:58:36 2015 |
Jessica | Update | General | ALS Delay Line Box Front Panel Testing | I tested both of the front panels (conductive and isolated SMAs) with the ALS Delay Line Box by driving extremely close frequencies through the cables. By doing this, we would expect that a spike would show up in the PSD if there was crosstalk between the cables.
In the plots below, for the conductive panel, the frequencies used were
X Arm: 22.329 MHz Y Arm: 22.3291 MHz
For the isolated panel, the frequencies were
X Arm: 22.294 MHz Y Arm: 22.2943 MHz
This gives a difference of 100 Hz for the conductive panel and 300 Hz for the isolated panel. Focusing on these areas of the PSD, it can be seen that in the Y Arm cable there is a very clear spike within 30 Hz of these differences when frequencies are being driven through both cables as opposed to the signal being in only the Y Arm. In the X Arms, the noise in general is higher when both cables are on, but there is no distinct spike at the expected frequencies. This indicates that some sort of crosstalk is probably happening due to the strong spikes in the Y Arm cables.
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Attachment 1: Xarm_diff.png
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Attachment 2: Yarm_diff.png
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Attachment 3: Xarm_isolated.png
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Attachment 4: Yarm_isolated.png
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Mon Aug 3 18:19:09 2015 |
Jessica | Update | General | Anodization of front panels accounted for | Previously, I had gotten the same results for the conductive and the isolated front panels. Today, I sanded off the anodized part on the back of the conductive front panel. I checked afterwards with a mulitmeter to ensure that it was indeed conductive through all the SMA connectors.
I drove a frequency of 29.359 Hz through the X Arm cable and 29.3592 Hz through the Y Arm cable, giving a difference of 200 Hz. Previously, there would only be a spike in the Y Arm at the difference, while the X Arm did not change if the Y arm was on or off. Now that the panel is fully conductive, a spike can also be seen in the X arm, indicating that crosstalk may possibly be happening with this panel, now that the spike corresponds to both the X arm and Y arm. These results are only after one set of data. Tomorrow I'll take two more sets of data with this panel and do a more in depth comparison of these results to what had been previously seen. |
Attachment 1: redo_conduct1X.png
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Attachment 2: redo_conduct1Y.png
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Thu Aug 6 11:45:01 2015 |
Jessica | Update | General | ALS Delay Line front panel testing | Koji had suggested that I sync up the two function generators to ensure that they have the same base frequency and so that crosstalk will actually appear at the expected frequency. After syncing up the two function generators, I drove the following frequencies through each cable:
Conductive SMAs:
X: 29.537 MHz Y: 29.5372 MHz
Isolated SMAs:
X: 29.545 MHz Y: 29.5452 MHz
Each time, the difference between the frequencies was 200 Hz, so if there was crosstalk, a spike should appear in the PSDs at 200 Hz when frequencies are being driven through both cables simulataneously, but not when just one is on. We very clearly see a spike at 200 Hz in both the X arm and the Y arm with the conductive SMAs, indicating crosstalk. For the front panel with isolated SMAs, we see a spike at 200 Hz when both frequencies are on, but it is much less pronounced than with the conductive SMAs. It seems as though there will be crosstalk using either panel, just less with the isolated SMAs. |
Attachment 1: conductive_X.png
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Attachment 2: conductive_Y.png
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Attachment 3: isolated_X.png
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Attachment 4: isolated_Y.png
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Tue Aug 11 10:13:32 2015 |
Jessica | Update | General | Conductive SMAs seem to work best | After testing both the Conductive and Isolated front panels on the ALS delay line box using the actual beatbox and comparing this to the previous setup, I found that the conductive SMAs improved crosstalk the most. Also, as the old cables were 30m and the new ones are 50m, Eric gave me a conversion factor to apply to the new cables to normalize the comparison.
I used an amplitude of 1.41 Vpp and drove the following frequencies through each cable:
X: 30.019 MHz Y: 30.019203 MHz
which gave a difference of 203 Hz.
In the first figure, it can be seen that, for the old setup with the 30m cables, in both cables there is a spike at 203 Hz with an amplitude of above 4 m/s^2/sqrt(Hz). When the 50m cables were measured in the box with the conductive front panel, the amplitude drops at 203 Hz by a factor of around 3. I also compared the isolated front panel with the old setup, and found that the isolated front panel worse by a factor of just over 2 than the old setup. Therefore, I think that using the conductive front panel for the ALS Delay Line box will reduce noise and crosstalk between the cables the most. |
Attachment 1: best4.png
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Attachment 2: isolated4.png
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Tue Aug 11 18:43:42 2015 |
Jessica | Update | IOO | MCL Online Subtraction | Today I finished fitting the transfer function to a vectfit model for seismometers T240_X and T240_Y, and then used these to filter noise online from the mode cleaner.
The Bode plot for T240_X is in figure 1, and T240_Y is in figure 2. I made sure to weight the edges of the fit so that no DC coupling or excessive injection of high frequency noise occurs at the edges of the fit.
I used C1:IOO-MC_L_DQ as the first channel I filtered, with C1:IOO-MC_L_DQ(RMS) for RMS data. I took reference data first, without my filter on. I then turned the filter on and took data from the same channel again. The filtered data, plotted in red, subtracted from the reference and did not inject noise anywhere in the mode cleaner.
I also looked at C1:LSC-YARM_OUT_DQ and C1:LSC-YARM_OUT_DQ(RMS) for its RMS to see if noise was being injected into the Y-Arm when my filter was implemented. I took reference data here also, shown in blue, and compared it to data taken with the filter on. My filter, in pink, subtracted from the Y-Arm and injected no noise in the region up to 10 Hz, and only minimal noise at frequencies ~80 Hz. Frequencies this high are noisy and difficult to filter anyways, so the noise injection was minimal in the Y-Arm. |
Attachment 1: SeisX_bode.png
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Attachment 2: SeisY_bode.png
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Attachment 3: MCL_first.png
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Attachment 4: Yarm_first.png
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Thu Aug 13 12:06:39 2015 |
Jessica | Summary | IOO | Better predicted subtraction did not work as well Online | Yesterday I adjusted the preweighting of my IIR fit to the transfer function of MC2, and also managed to reduce the number of poles and zeros from 8 to 6, giving a smoother rolloff. The bode plots are pictured here:


The predicted IIR subtraction was very close to the predicted FIR subtraction, so I thought these coefficients would lead to a better online filter.

However, the actual subtraction of the MCL was not as good and noise was injected into the Y arm.
 
The final comparison of the subtraction factors between the online and offline data showed that the preweighting, while it improved the offline subtraction, needs more work to improve the online subtraction also.

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Attachment 1: newBodeX.png
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Attachment 2: newBodeY.png
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Attachment 3: pred_Sub.png
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Attachment 4: MCLSub.png
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Attachment 5: YarmSub.png
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Attachment 6: comparison.png
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Wed Mar 7 13:30:17 2012 |
Jim | Update | PEM | added TPs and JIMS channels to PEM front-end model | [Jim Ryan]
The PEM model has been modified now to include a block called 'JIMS' for the JIMS(Joint Information Management System) channel processing. Additionally I added test points inside the BLRMS blocks that are there. These test points are connected to the output of the sqrt function for each band. I needed this for debugging purposes and it was something Jenny had requested.
The outputs are taken out of the RMS block and muxed, then demuxed just outside the JIMS block. I was unable to get the model to work properly with the muxed channel traveling up or down levels for this. Inside the JIMS block the information goes into blocks for the corresponding seismometer channel.
For each seismometer channel the five bands are processed by comparing to a threshold value to give a boolean with 1 being good (BLRMS below threshold) and 0 being bad (BLRMS above threshold). The boolean streams are then split into a persistent stream and a non-persistent stream. The persistent stream is processed by a new library block that I created (called persist) which holds the value at 0 for a number of time steps equal to an EPICS variable setting from the time the boolean first drops to zero. The persist allows excursions shorter than the timestep of a downsampled timeseries to be seen reliably.
The EPICS variables for the thresholds are of the form (in order of increasing frequency):
C1:PEM-JIMS_GUR1X_THRES1
C1:PEM-JIMS_GUR1X_THRES2
etc.
The EPICS variables for the persist step size are of the form:
C1:PEM-JIMS_GUR1X_PERSIST
C1:PEM-JIMS_GUR1Y_PERSIST
etc.
I have set all of the persist values to 2048 (1 sec.) for now. The threshold values are currently 200,140,300,485,340 for the GUR1X bands and 170,105,185,440,430 for the GUR1Y bands.
The values were set using ezcawrite. There is no MEDM screen for this yet.
PEM model was restarted at approx. 11:30 Mar. 7 2012 PST.
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Fri Mar 9 20:44:24 2012 |
Jim Lough | Update | CDS | DAQ restart with new ini file | DAQ reload/restart was performed at about 1315 PST today. The previous ini file was backed up as c1pem20120309.ini in the /chans/daq/working_backups/ directory.
I set the following to record:
The two JIMS channels at 2048:
[C1:PEM-JIMS_CH1_DQ] Persistent version of JIMS channel. When bit drops to zero indicating something bad (BLRMS threshold exceeded) happens the bit stays at zero for >= the value of the persist EPICS variable.
[C1:PEM-JIMS_CH2_DQ] Non-persistent version of JIMS channel.
And all of the BLRMS channels at 256:
Names are of the form:
[C1:PEM-RMS_ACC1_F0p1_0p3_DQ]
[C1:PEM-RMS_ACC1_F0p3_1_DQ]
On monday I intend to look at the weekend seismic data to establish thresholds on the JIMS channels.
256 was the lowest rate possible according to the RCG manual. The JIMS channels are recorded at 2048 because I couldn't figure out how to disable the decimation filter. I will look into this further. |
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Mon May 30 18:19:50 2016 |
Johannes | Update | CDS | ASS medm screen update | I noticed that the TRY button in the ASS main screen was linking to LSC_TRX instead of LSC_TRY. Gautam fixed it. |
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Tue Jun 14 11:29:25 2016 |
Johannes | Summary | ASC | YArm OpLev Calibration | In preparation for the armloss map I checked the calibration of the Y-Arm ITM and ETM OpLevs with the method originally described in https://nodus.ligo.caltech.edu:8081/40m/1247. I was getting a little confused about the math though, so I attached a document at the end of this post in which I work it out for myself and posteriority. Stepping through an introduced offset in the control filter for the corresponding degree of freedom, I recorded the change in transmitted power and the reading of the OpLev channel with the current calibration. One thing I noticed is that the calibration for ITM PIT is inverted with respect to the others. This can of course be compensated at any point in any readout/feedback chain, but it might be nice to establish some sort of convention where positive feedback to the mirror will increase the OpLev reading.
The calibration factors I get are within ~10% of the currently stored values. The table (still incomplete, need to relate to the current values) summarizes the results:
Mirror |
DoF |
Current |
Relative |
New |
Y-Arm OpLev Calibration
ETM |
PIT |
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0.974 ± 0.029 |
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YAW |
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1.077 ± 0.021 |
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ITM |
PIT |
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-0.972 ± 0.020 |
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YAW |
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0.920 ± 0.048 |
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The individual graphs:
ETM PIT
 
ETM YAW
 
ITM PIT
 
ITM YAW
 
The math:
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Attachment 1: CavityCoupling.pdf
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Tue Jun 14 11:52:08 2016 |
Johannes | Update | General | EPICS Installation | SURF 2016 | We generally want to keep the configuration of the 40m close to that of the LIGO sites, which is why we chose BusWorks, and it is also being established as a standard in other labs on campus. Of course any suitable DAQ system can do the job, but to stay relevant we generally try to avoid patchwork solutions when possible. Did you follow Aidan's instructions to the book? I haven't set up a system myself, yet, so I cannot say how difficult this is. If it just won't work with the Raspberry Pi, you could still try using a traditional computer.
Alternatively, following Jamie's suggestions, I'm currently looking into using python for the modbus communications (there seem to be at least a few python packages that can do this), which would reportedly make the interfacing and integration a lot easier. I'll let you know when I make any progress on this.
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About acquiring data: Initially I couldn't start with proper Acromag setup as the Raspberry pi had a faulty SD card slot. Then Gautam gave me a working pi on which I tried to install EPICS. I spent quite a time today but couldn't setup acromag over ethernet. But, it would be great if we have a USB DAQ card. I have found a good one here http://www.mccdaq.com/PDFs/specs/USB-200-Series-data.pdf It costs around 106$ including shipping (It comes with some free softwares for acquiring data) . Also, I know an another python based 12bit DAQ card (with an inbuilt constant current source) which is made by IUAC, Delhi and more information can be found here http://www.iuac.res.in/~elab/expeyes/Documents/eyesj-progman.pdf It costs around 60$ including shipping.
About temperature sensing: The RTD which I found on Omega's list is having a temperature resolution of 0.1 deg C. I have also asked them for the one with good resolution. Also according to their reply, they have not performed any noise characteristics study for those RTDs.
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Thu Jun 16 11:25:00 2016 |
Johannes | Update | LSC | Y-Arm round-trip loss measurement with ALS | Using the ALS green beat and armlength feedback I mapped an IR resonance of the Y-Arm by stepping through a ramp of offset values.
First I optimized the IR alignment with the dither scripts while LSC kept the arm on resonance, and then transitioned the length control to ALS. The beat frequency I obtained between the Y-arm green and the PSL was about 25 MHz. Then I applied a controlled ramp signal (stepping through small offset increments applied to LSC-ALSY_OFFSET, while logging the readback from channels LSC-TRY_OUT16 and ALS-Y_FC_SERVO_INMON with an averaging time of 1s.
The plots show the acquired data with fits to and , respectively.
 
The fits, weighted with inverse rms uncertainty of the data points as reported by the cds system, returned HWHM = 0.6663 ± 0.0013 [offset units] and m = -0.007666 ± 0.000023 [MHz/offset unit], which gives a combined FWHM = 10,215 ± 36 Hz. The error is based purely on the fit and does not reflect uncertainties in the calibration of the phase tracker.
This yields a finesse of 388.4 ± 1.4, corresponding to a total loss (including transmissivities) of 16178 ± 58 ppm. These uncertainties include the reported accuracies of FSR and phase tracker calibration from elog 9804 and elog 11761.
The resulting loss is a little lower than that of elog 11712, which was done before the phase tracker re-calibration. Need to check for consistency. |
Attachment 1: T_vs_steps.pdf
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Attachment 2: f_vs_steps.pdf
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Thu Jun 16 18:08:57 2016 |
Johannes | Update | PSL | Before the AOM installation | There was only one razor blade beam dump labeled for atmospheric use left, but that's all we need. Steve is working on restocking. I placed the modified AOM mount on the PSL table near its intended location (near the AOM where it doesn't block any beams).
Things to keep in mind:
- The laser power needs to be turned down for the installation of the AOM. Current laser settings are: Crystal Temperature: 29.41 C, Diode Current: 2.1 A.
- The AOM driver must not be left unterminated when turned on (which it currently is and will be).
- The HEPA filters are currently running at ~50%. While the PSL enclosure is open for the work we'll set them to 100% and lower them after a job well done.
The setup:

The AOM has a deflection angle of about 20 mrad, which requires about 10cm of path for a separation of 2mm of the two beams. I need to survey closer and confirm, but I hope I can fit the beam dump in before the PMC (this of course also depends on the spot size). Alternatively, the PMC hopefully isn't resonant for anything remotely relevant at 80MHz offset, in which case we can also place the beam dump in its reflection path.
So this is the plan:
- Determine coupling efficiency into PMC for reference
- Turn down laser power
- No signal on AOM driver modulation input
- Mount AOM, place in beam path, and align
- Correct alignment into PMC?
- Secondary beam detectable? Adjust modulation input and laser power until detectable.
- Find a place for beam dump
- Confirm that primary beam is not clipping with PMC
- Turn up laser power
- Determine coupling efficiency with restored power to compare
Any thoughts? Based on the AOMs resting place I assumed that it is supposed to be installed before the PMC, but I'm actually not entirely sure where it was sitting before. |
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Fri Jun 17 22:36:11 2016 |
Johannes | Update | PSL | AOM installation | Subham and I have placed the AOM back into the setup right in front of the PMC.
Steps undertaken:
- The HEPA filters were turned off for some reason. They were turned back on, running at 100% while the enclosure was open.
- Before the installation, after initial realignment, the PMC TRANSPD read out 748 mV.
- The laser injection current was dialed down to 0.8 A (just above the threshold, judging by PMC cameras.
- AOM was attached to the new mount while staying connected to its driver. Put in place, a clamp prevents the cable from moving anywhere near the main beam.
- Aligned AOM to beam, centering the beam (by eye) on front and back apertures.
- We then applied an offset to the AOM driver input, eventually increasing it to 0.5 V. A secondary beam became clearly visible below the primary beam.
- In order to place the razor blade dump (stemming from a box, labeled "cleaned for atm use") before the PMC, where the beam separation was about 3 mm, to make sure we can hit the edged area, we had to place the dump at an angle, facing up.
- Keeping the 0.5V offset on the driver input, with the lights off, we increased the laser diode current in steps of ~200 mA to its original value of 2.1A, while checking for any IR light scattered from the beam dump. Not a trace.
- At original current setting, we realigned the beam into the PMC, and obtained 743 mV on the TRANSPD in the locked state.
- Closed off PSL table, dialed HEPAs down to 50%

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Attachment 1: aom_new_mount.jpg
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Thu Jul 7 17:12:50 2016 |
Johannes | Update | General | Vent progress | I performed a visual inspection of ITMY in its natural habitat today. I did not get any great pictures from the HR side because it's located very towards the edge of the table towards the arm. Before that I checked the levelness of the table. East-west direction was fine, north-south was slightly off but still within the marks for 'level'.
The AR side had several speckles, a few of them located somewhat near the geometrical center of ITMY. The top of the barrel was worse of, as expected. The HR side was a little better, but there were a few pieces of dust? near near the center. Sample pictures are attached, I uploaded all the good ones to Picasa.
Clamps that mark the position of ITMY were already in place. I did not move the optic just yet, and we will have to move a cable block out of the way to bring ITMY near the opening for us to work on it. We will markt the position of that to preserve the weight distribution. Then we can probably take some better before/after pictures. Tomorrow I will be looking at ETMY.
 
 
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Tue Jul 12 09:35:51 2016 |
Johannes | Update | General | Slippery substance mystery | I've noticed the spot that Rich means before, too. I think you only notice this when you're wearing the shoe covers, not sneakers or crocs. I didn't see any 'substance', it seems more like the floor finish (wax?) seems to be more slippery in that area than others.
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I found a note on Steve's desk that R. Abbott left yesterday afternoon about an unidentified slippery substance being present on the floor by cabinet S12, along the X arm. (Steve is away this week)
Just now, I found no trace of the substance in the vicinity of that cabinent (which is one of the cabinets for clean objects). Maybe the janitor cleaned it already?
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Tue Jul 12 23:51:16 2016 |
Johannes | Update | General | Vent progress - ETMY inspection | On Monday I inspected ETMY, and found nothing really remarkable. There was only little dust on the HR side, and nothing visible in the center. The AR side has some visible dust, nothing too crazy, but some of it near the center.
 
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Wed Jul 13 00:01:38 2016 |
Johannes | Update | General | ITMX dust | We ran out of illuminator juice, and short-term charging couldn't restore enough battery life to continue the work. We should be able to get some better pictures tomorrow.
Quote: |
Looked at ITMX. Johannes and I both saw a fairly large speck of dust near the center of the HR side. We tried to take some photos but couldn't get any with good focus
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