ID |
Date |
Author |
Type |
Category |
Subject |
10237
|
Fri Jul 18 16:52:56 2014 |
Andres | Update | 40m Xend Table upgrade | FInish Calculation on Current X-arm mode Matching |
Quote: |
Data and Calculation for the Xarm Current Mode Matching
Two days ago, Nick, Jenne, and I took a measurement for the Green Transmission for the X-arm. I took the data and I analyzed it. The first figure attached below is the raw data plotted. I used the function findpeaks in Matlab, and I found all the peaks. Then, by taking close look at the plot, I chose two peaks as shown in the second figure attached below. I took the ratio of the TEM00 and the High order mode, and I average them. This gave me a Mode Matching of 0.9215, which this value is pretty close to the value that I predicted by using a la Mode in http://nodus.ligo.caltech.edu:8080/40m/10191, which is 0.9343. Nick and I measured the reflected power when the cavity is unlocked and when the cavity is locked, so we measured the PreflUnLocked=52+1µW and PreflOnLocked=16+2µW and the backgroundNoise=0.761µW. Using this information we calculated Prefl/Pin=0.297. Now, since Prefl/Pin=|Eref/Ein|2, we looked at the electric fields component by using the reflectivity of the mirror we calculated 0.67. The number doesn't agree, but this is because we didn't take into account the losses when making this calculation. I'm working in the calculation that will include the losses.
Today, Nick and I ordered the lenses and the mirrors. I'm working in putting together a representation of how much improvement the new design will give us in comparison to the current setup.
|
We want to be able to graphically see how much better it is the new optical table setup in comparison to the current optical table setup. In other words, we want to be able to see how displacement of the beam and how much angle change can be obtained at the ETM from changing the mirrors angles independently. Depending on the spread of the mirrors' vectors we can observe whether the Gouy phase is good. In the plot below, the dotted lines correspond to the current set up, and we can see that the lines are not spread from each other, which essentially mean that changing the angles of the two mirrors just contribute to small change in angle and in the displacement of the beam at the ETM, and therefore the Gouy phase is not good. Now on the other hand. The other solid lines correspond to the new setup mirrors. We can observe that the spread of the line of mirror 1 and mirror 4 is almost 90 degrees, which just implies that there is a good Gouy phase different between these two mirrors. For the angles chosen in the plot, I looked at how much the PZT yaw the mirrors from the elog http://nodus.ligo.caltech.edu:8080/40m/8912. In this elog, they give a plot in mrad/v for the pitch and yaw, so I took the range that the PZT can yaw the mirrors, and I converted into mdegrees/v and then I plotted as shown below. I plot for the current setup and for the new setup in the same plot. The matlab code is also attached below. |
10290
|
Tue Jul 29 20:14:08 2014 |
Andres | Update | 40m Xend Table upgrade | Xarm Green steering mirror upgrade |
Xarm Green Steering Mirror Upgrade
Nick and I did the upgrade for the green steering mirror today. We locked in the TEM00 mode.
We placed the shutter and everything. We move the OL, but we placed it back. Tonight, I'll be doing a more complete elog with more details. |
10291
|
Tue Jul 29 20:14:10 2014 |
Koji | Update | 40m Xend Table upgrade | Xarm Green steering mirror upgrade |
That was super fast! Great job, Andres and Nic! |
10296
|
Wed Jul 30 10:16:54 2014 |
Andres | Update | 40m Xend Table upgrade | Green Steering Mirror Upgrade completed |
Green Steering Mirror Update
Yesterday, Nick and I completed the green steering mirrors upgrade. I attached the file that contained the procedure that we plan before we did the upgrade. We placed an iris at the input of the OL and we place another iris before the harmonic separator. We did not use the beam scanner because someone was using it, so what we did was to assume that the cavity is well align and place the iris so that we can recover the alignment. We used the measuring tape to approximate as close as we could the position where the lenses were supposed to go. I did a measurement of the derivative of the waist size in terms of the position of the lens and the derivative of the waist Position in terms of the lenses position at the optimum solution that a la mode give us. Because of this plot, we decide to mount lens 3 and lens 5 into translational stages. After mounting each lenses and mirrors we worked on the alignment of the beam into the cavity. We were able to align the green into the cavity and we were able to locked the cavity to the TEM00 mode. We started to work on the optimization of the mode matching. However, the maximum mode matching that we got was around 0.6, which we need to work a little bit more on the tuning of the mode matching. We leave the iris mounted on the table. I took a picture of the table, and I attached below. For the OL, we just make sure that the output where somehow hitting the QPD, but we didn't really I aligned it. We need to work a little bit more on the alignment of the OL and the tuning of the mirror to maximize the green mode matching. |
2653
|
Wed Mar 3 18:32:25 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | 11 MHz RFPD elctronics |
** Please add LISO file w/ component values.
I designed the circuit for one of the 11 MHz photodiodes that we're going to install in the 40m Upgrade.
This is a simple representation of the schematic:
gnd # | # Cw2 # | # n23 # | # Lw2 # | # n22 # | # Rw2 # | |\ # n2- - - C2 - n3 - - - - | \ # | | | | |4106>-- n5 - Rs -- no # iinput Rd L1 L2 R24 n6- | / | | # nin - | | | | | |/ | Rload # Cd n7 R22 gnd | | | # | | | | - - - R8 - - gnd # gnd R1 gnd R7 # | | # gnd gnd # # #
I chose the values of the components in a realistic way, that is using part available from Coilcraft or Digikey.
Using LISO I simulated the Tranfer Function and the noise of the circuit.
I'm attaching the results.
I'll post the 55MHz rfpd later. |
2655
|
Thu Mar 4 08:43:35 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | 11 MHz RFPD elctronics |
Quote: |
** Please add LISO file w/ component values.
|
oops, forgotten the third attachment...
here it is |
2656
|
Thu Mar 4 19:53:56 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | 11MHz PD designed adjusted for diode's resistance; 55 MHz RFPD designed |
I read a few datasheets of the C30642GH photodiode that we're going to use for the 11 and 55 MHz. Considering the values listed for the resistance and the capacitance in what they define "typical conditions" (that is, specific values of bias voltage and DC photocurrent) I fixed Rd=25Ohms and Cd=175pF.
Then I picked the tunable components in the circuit so that we could adjust for the variability of those parameters.
Finally with LISO I simulated transfer functions and noise curves for both the 11 and the 55MHz photodiodes.
I'm attaching the results and the LISO source files.
|
2657
|
Thu Mar 4 22:07:21 2010 |
rana | Update | 40m Upgrading | 11MHz PD not yet designed |
Use 10 Ohms for the resistance - I have never seen a diode with 25 Ohms.
p.s. PDFs can be joined together using the joinPDF command or a few command line options of 'gs'. |
2704
|
Tue Mar 23 22:46:43 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 upgraded |
I modified REFL11 according to the changes lsited in this schematic (see wiki / Upgrade 09 / RF System / Upgraded RF Photodiodes ).
I tuned it to be resonant at 11.06MHz and to have a notch at 22.12MHz.
These are the transfer functions that I measured compared with what I expected from the LISO model.

The electronics transfer function is measured directily between the "Test Input" and the "RF Out" connector of the box. the optical transfer function is measured by means of a AM laser (the "Jenne laser") modulated by the network analyzer.
The AM laser's current was set at 20.0mA and the DC output of the photodiode box read about 40mV.
The LISO model has a different overall gain compared to the measured one, probably because it does not include the rest of the parts of the circuit other than the RF out path.
I spent some time trying to understand how touching the metal cage inside or bending the PCB board affected the photodiode response. It turned out that there was some weak soldering of one of the inductors. |
2711
|
Wed Mar 24 14:57:21 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 upgraded |
Hartmut suggested a possible explanation for the way the electronics transfer function starts picking up at ~50MHz. He said that the 10KOhm resistance in series with the Test Input connector of the box might have some parasitic capacitance that at high frequency lowers the input impedance.
Although Hartmut also admitted that considering the high frequency at which the effect is observed, anything can be happening with the electronics inside of the box. |
2715
|
Thu Mar 25 17:32:42 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL55 Upgraded |
I upgraded the old REFL199 to the new REFL55.
To do that I had to replace the old photodiode inside, switching to a 2mm one.
Electronics and optical transfer functions, non normalized are shown in the attached plot.

The details about the modifications are contained in this dedicated wiki page (Upgrade_09 / RF System / Upgraded RF Photodiodes) |
2761
|
Sat Apr 3 19:54:19 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 and REFL55 PDs Noise Spectrum |
These are the dark noise spectrum that I measured on the 11MHz and 55MHz PD prototypes I modified.
The plots take into account the 50Ohm input impedance of the spectrum analyzer (that is, the nosie is divided by 2).

With an estimated transimpedance of about 300Ohm, I would expect to have 2-3nV/rtHz at all frequencies except for the resonant frequencies of each PD. At those resonances I would expect to have ~15nV/rtHz (cfr elog entry 2760).
Problems:
- For the 55MHz PD the resonance peak is too small
- In the 55 MHz: noise is present at about 7MHz
- In the 11MHz PD there's a lot of noise below 10 MHz.
I have to figure out what are the sources of such noises.
Suggestions? |
2767
|
Mon Apr 5 10:23:40 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 Low Frequency Oscilaltion Reduced |
After adding an inductor L=100uH and a resistor R=10Ohm in parallel after the OP547A opamp that provide the bias for the photodiode of REFL11, the noise at low frequency that I had observed, was significantly reduced.
See this plot:

A closer inspection of the should at 11MHz in the noise spectrum, showed some harmonics on it, spaced with about 200KHz. Closing the RF cage and the box lid made them disappear. See next plot:

The full noise spectrum looks like this:

A big bump is present at ~275MHz. it could important if it also shows up on the shot noise spectrum. |
2782
|
Thu Apr 8 10:17:52 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 Noise Vs Photocurrent |
From the measurements of the 11 MHz RFPD at 11Mhz I estimated a transimpedance of about 750 Ohms. (See attached plot.)
The fit shown in the plot is: Vn = Vdn + sqrt(2*e*Idc) ; Vn=noise; Vdn=darknoise; e=electron charge; Idc=dc photocurrent
The estimate from the fit is 3-4 times off from my analsys of the circuit and from any LISO simulation. Likely at RF the contributions of the parassitic components of each element make a big difference. I'm going to improve the LISO model to account for that.

The problem of the factor of 2 in the data turned out to be not a real one. Assuming that the dark noise at resonance is just Johnson's noise from the resonant circuit transimpedance underestimates the dark noise by 100%. |
2783
|
Thu Apr 8 10:24:33 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 Noise Vs Photocurrent |
Quote: |
From the measurements of the 11 MHz RFPD at 11Mhz I estimated a transimpedance of about 750 Ohms. (See attached plot.)
|
Putting my hands ahead, I know I could have taken more measurements around the 3dB point, but the 40m needs the PDs soon. |
2784
|
Thu Apr 8 20:53:13 2010 |
Koji | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 Noise Vs Photocurrent |
Something must be wrong.
1. Physical Unit is wrong for the second term of "Vn = Vdn + Sqrt(2 e Idc)"
2. Why does the fit go below the dark noise?
3. "Dark noise 4 +/- NaN nV/rtHz" I can not accept this fitting.
Also apparently the data points are not enough.
Quote: |
From the measurements of the 11 MHz RFPD at 11Mhz I estimated a transimpedance of about 750 Ohms. (See attached plot.)
The fit shown in the plot is: Vn = Vdn + sqrt(2*e*Idc) ; Vn=noise; Vdn=darknoise; e=electron charge; Idc=dc photocurrent
The estimate from the fit is 3-4 times off from my analsys of the circuit and from any LISO simulation. Likely at RF the contributions of the parassitic components of each element make a big difference. I'm going to improve the LISO model to account for that.

The problem of the factor of 2 in the data turned out to be not a real one. Assuming that the dark noise at resonance is just Johnson's noise from the resonant circuit transimpedance underestimates the dark noise by 100%.
|
|
2785
|
Fri Apr 9 06:45:28 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 Noise Vs Photocurrent |
Quote: |
Something must be wrong.
1. Physical Unit is wrong for the second term of "Vn = Vdn + Sqrt(2 e Idc)"
2. Why does the fit go below the dark noise?
3. "Dark noise 4 +/- NaN nV/rtHz" I can not accept this fitting.
Also apparently the data points are not enough.
|
1) True. My bad. In my elog entry (but not in my fit code) I forgot the impedance Z= 750Ohm (as in the fit) of the resonant circuit in front of the square root: Vn = Vdn + Z * sqrt( 2 e Idc )
2) That is exactly the point I was raising! The measured dark noise at resonance is 2x what I expect.
3) I don't have uncertainties for the fit offset (that is, for the Dark Noise). The quick fit that I used (Matlab's Non Linear Least Squares method) doesn't provide 95% confidence bounds when I constrain the offset parameter the way I did (I forced it to be strictly positive).
Sure. It's not a very good fit. I just wanted to see how the data was going.
I also admitted that the data points were few, especially around the 3dB point.
Today I'm going to repeat the measurement with a new setup that lets me tune the light intensity more finely. |
2789
|
Mon Apr 12 16:20:05 2010 |
Alberto | Configuration | 40m Upgrading | REFL55 improved |
During the commissioning of the AS55 PD, I learned how to get a much better rejection of the 11MHz modulation.
So I went back to REFL55 and I modified it using the same strategy. (Basically I added another notch to the circuit).
After a few days of continuous back and forth between modeling, measuring, soldering, tuning I got a much better transfer function.
All the details and data will be included in the wiki page (and so also the results for AS55). Here I just show the comparison of the transfer functions that I measured and that I modeled.
I applied an approximate calibration to the data so that all the measurements would refer to the transfer function of Vout / PD Photocurrent. Here's how they look like. (also the calibration will be explained in the wiki)
.
The ratio between the amplitude of the 55Mhz modulation over the 11MHz is ~ 90dB
The electronics TF doesn't provide a faithful reproduction of the optical response. |
2790
|
Mon Apr 12 17:09:30 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 Noise Vs Photocurrent |
Quote: |
1) True. My bad. In my elog entry (but not in my fit code) I forgot the impedance Z= 750Ohm (as in the fit) of the resonant circuit in front of the square root: Vn = Vdn + Z * sqrt( 2 e Idc )
2) That is exactly the point I was raising! The measured dark noise at resonance is 2x what I expect.
3) I don't have uncertainties for the fit offset (that is, for the Dark Noise). The quick fit that I used (Matlab's Non Linear Least Squares method) doesn't provide 95% confidence bounds when I constrain the offset parameter the way I did (I forced it to be strictly positive).
Sure. It's not a very good fit. I just wanted to see how the data was going.
I also admitted that the data points were few, especially around the 3dB point.
Today I'm going to repeat the measurement with a new setup that lets me tune the light intensity more finely.
|
Here's another measurement of the noise of the REFL11 PD.
This time I made the fit constraining the Dark Noise. I realized that it didn't make much sense leaving it as a free coefficient: the dark noise is what it is.

Result: the transimpedance of REFL11at 11 MHz is about 4000 Ohm.
Note:
This time, more properly, I refer to the transimpedance as the ratio between Vout @11Mhz / Photocurrent. In past entries I improperly called transimpedance the impedance of the circuit which resonates with the photodiode. |
2795
|
Mon Apr 12 22:44:30 2010 |
Koji | Update | 40m Upgrading | REFL11 Noise Vs Photocurrent |
Data looks perfect ... but the fitting was wrong.
Vn = Vdn + Z * sqrt( 2 e Idc ) ==> WRONG!!!
Dark noise and shot noise are not correlated. You need to take a quadratic sum!!!
Vn^2 = Vdn^2 + Z^2 *(2 e Idc)
And I was confused whether you need 2 in the sqrt, or not. Can you explain it?
Note that you are looking at the raw RF output of the PD and not using the demodulated output...
Also you should be able to fit Vdn. You should put your dark noise measurement at 10nA or 100nA and then make the fitting.
Quote: |
Here's another measurement of the noise of the REFL11 PD.
This time I made the fit constraining the Dark Noise. I realized that it didn't make much sense leaving it as a free coefficient: the dark noise is what it is.

Result: the transimpedance of REFL11at 11 MHz is about 4000 Ohm.
Note:
This time, more properly, I refer to the transimpedance as the ratio between Vout @11Mhz / Photocurrent. In past entries I improperly called transimpedance the impedance of the circuit which resonates with the photodiode.
|
|
2882
|
Wed May 5 16:32:39 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | New REFL55 PD, 11MHz rejection |
Here's the (calibrated) transimpedance of the new REFL55 PD.
T(55.3) / T_(11.06) = 93 dB

|
2886
|
Thu May 6 16:18:37 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | New improved design for the 11MHz photodiode |
After munching analytical models, simulations, measurements of photodiodes I think I got a better grasp of what we want from them, and how to get it. For instance I now know that we need a transimpedance of about 5000 V/A if we want them to be shot noise limited for ~mW of light power.
Adding 2-omega and f1/f2 notch filters complicates the issue, forcing to make trade-offs in the choice of the components (i.e., the Q of the notches)
Here's a better improved design of the 11Mhz PD. |
2893
|
Thu May 6 19:57:26 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | New improved design for the 11MHz photodiode |
Quote: |
After munching analytical models, simulations, measurements of photodiodes I think I got a better grasp of what we want from them, and how to get it. For instance I now know that we need a transimpedance of about 5000 V/A if we want them to be shot noise limited for ~mW of light power.
Adding 2-omega and f1/f2 notch filters complicates the issue, forcing to make trade-offs in the choice of the components (i.e., the Q of the notches)
Here's a better improved design of the 11Mhz PD.
|
This should be better. It should also have larger resonance width. |
2894
|
Fri May 7 11:21:49 2010 |
koji | Update | 40m Upgrading | New improved design for the 11MHz photodiode |
How much is the width?
Quote: |
This should be better. It should also have larger resonance width.
|
|
2896
|
Fri May 7 18:18:02 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | New improved design for the 11MHz photodiode |
Quote: |
How much is the width?
Quote: |
This should be better. It should also have larger resonance width.
|
|
The transfer function phase drops by 180 degrees in about 2MHz. Is that a good way to measure the width? |
2897
|
Fri May 7 19:02:27 2010 |
rana | Update | 40m Upgrading | New improved design for the 11MHz photodiode |
To measure the width of a resonance, the standard method is to state the center frequency and the Q. Use the definition of Q from the Wikipedia.
As far as how much phase is OK, you should use the method that we discussed - think about the full closed loop system and try to write down how many things are effected by there being a phase slope around the modulation frequency. You should be able to calculate how this effects the error signal, noise, the loop shape, etc. Then consider what this RFPD will be used for and come up with some requirements. |
2902
|
Mon May 10 16:59:35 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | Unexpected oscilaltionin the POY11 PD |
The measured transimpedance of the latest POY11 PD matches my model very well up to 100 MHz. But at about ~216MHz I have a resonance that I can't really explain.

The following is a simplified illustration of the resonant circuit:

Perhaps my model misses that resonance because it doesn't include stray capacitances.
While I was tinkering with it, i noticed a couple of things:
- the frequency of that oscillation changes by grasping with finger the last inductor of the circuit (the 55n above); that is adding inductance
- the RF probe of the scope clearly shows me the oscillation only after the 0.1u series capacitor
- adding a small capacitor in parallel to the feedback resistor of the output amplifier increases the frequency of the oscilaltion |
2924
|
Wed May 12 17:10:16 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | RF frequency generation box - step 0 |
I started putting together the components that are coint to go inside the frequency generation box. Here's how it looked like:

The single component are going to be mounted on a board that is going to sit on the bottom of the box.
I'm thinking whether to mount the components on an isolating board (like they did in GEO), or on an aluminum board.
I emailed Hartmut to know more details about his motivations on making that choice. |
2925
|
Wed May 12 23:31:17 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | 216 MHz resonance in the POY11 PD killed |
It turned out that the resonance at 216 MHz in the 11MHz PD that I showed in the elog entry 2902 was casued by an instability of the of the MAX4107 opamap' feedback loop.
As the datasheet of the opamp shows, the close-loop gain has a peak at about 200-250MHz, in presence of even small capacitive loads.
In my case, perhaps either the capacitance of the BNC cables plugged to the RF output of the PD box, or the shunt capacitance of the circuit parts after the opamap (traces and resistors) might have introduced capacitance at the output of the amplifier.
LISO had failed in predicting the resonance because it has only ideal transfer functions of the opamps. In particular the open-loop gain of the opamaps in the library is just a function with a simple pole.
At RF frequencies the output impedances of the opamp starts having a non-negligible inductance that interacts with the load capacitance, generating a typical LC-circuit resonance.
In cases like this, such effect can be mitigated by introducing an "isolating" resistor at the output of the opamp.
So I did that and modified the circuit as in this simplified schematic here:
The choice of 100 Ohm for the isolating resistor was mainly empirical. I started with 10, then 20 and 50 until I got a sufficient suppression of the resonance. Even just 10Ohm suppressed the resonance by several tens of dB.

In that way the gain of the loop didn't change. Before that, I was also able to kill the resonance by just increasing the loop gain from 10 to 17. But, I didn't want to increase the closed-loop gain.
One thing that I tried, on Koji's suggestion, was to try to connect the RF output of the PD box to an RF amplifier to see whether shielding the output from the cable capacitance would make the resonance disappear: It did not work. |
2926
|
Thu May 13 05:06:43 2010 |
rana | Update | 40m Upgrading | 216 MHz resonance in the POY11 PD killed |
This idea was tried before by Dale in the ~1998 generation of PDs. Its OK for damping a resonance, but it has the unfortunate consequence of hurting the dynamic range of the opamp. The 100 Ohm resistor reduces the signal that can be put out to the output without saturating the 4107.
I still recommend that you move the notch away from the input of the 4107. Look at how the double notch solution has been implemented in the WFS heads. |
2957
|
Thu May 20 12:34:46 2010 |
kiwamu | Configuration | 40m Upgrading | optical breadboards with legs |
Yesterday Steve and I revived two legs to mount some optical breadboards outside of the end table.
These legs had been used as oplev's mounts many years ago, but now they are served for 40m upgrading. These are really nice.
By putting them on the side of the end table, a mirror mounted on the top of the leg can reflect the beam outside of the end table.
Once we pick off the green beam from the end table to its outside, the green beam can propagate through the 40m walkway along the Y-arm.
So that we can measure the beam profile as it propagates.
These legs are also going to be used during mode matching of the vacuum optics. |
2966
|
Fri May 21 11:56:34 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | 40mUpgrade Field Power and RF Power Spectrum at the ports. 38m/38.55m arm length issue. |
I update my old 40mUpgrade Optickle model, by adding the latest updates in the optical layout (mirror distances, main optics transmissivities, folding mirror transmissivities, etc). I also cleaned it from a lot of useless, Advanced LIGO features.
I calculated the expected power in the fields present at the main ports of the interferometer.
I repeated the calculations for both the arms-locked/arms-unlocked configurations. I used a new set of functions that I wrote which let me evaluate the field power and RF power anywhere in the IFO. (all in my SVN directory)
As in Koji's optical layout, I set the arm length to 38m and I found that at the SP port there was much more power that I woud expect at 44Mhz and 110 MHz.
It's not straightforward to identify unequivocally what is causing it (I have about 100 frequencies going around in the IFO), but presumably the measured power at 44MHz was from the beat between f1 an f2 (55-11=44MHz), and that at 110MHz was from the f2 first sidebands.
Here's what i found:




I found that When I set the arm length to 38.55m (the old 40m average arm length), the power at 44 and 110 MHz went significantly down. See here:


I checked the distances between all the frequencies circulating in the IFO from the closest arm resonance to them.
I found that the f2 and 2*f2 are two of the closest frequencies to the arm resonance (~80KHz). With a arm cavity finesse of 450, that shouldn't be a problem, though.

I'll keep using the numbers I got to nail down the culprit.
Anyways, now the question is: what is the design length of the arms? Because if it is really 38m rather than 38.55m, then maybe we should change it back to the old values. |
2994
|
Wed May 26 17:10:09 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | RF Generation box |
This is how the RF generation box might soon look like:

A dedicated wiki page shows the state of the work:
http://lhocds.ligo-wa.caltech.edu:8000/40m/Upgrade_09/RF_System/frequency_generation_box#preview |
2996
|
Wed May 26 22:22:03 2010 |
Alberto | Configuration | 40m Upgrading | Arm cavity length |
The second sideband is resonant in the arms for a cavity length of 37.9299m.
The nearest antiresonant arm lengths for f2 (55MHz) are 36.5753m and 39.2845m.
If we don't touch the ITMs, and we use the room we still have now on the end tables, we can get to 37.5m.
This is how the power spectrum at REFL would look like for perfect antiresonance:

And this is how it looks like for 37.5m:

Or, god forbid, we change the modulation frequencies... |
3001
|
Thu May 27 12:52:02 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | Arm lengths |
For both sidebands to be antiresonant in the arms, the first modulation frequency has to be:
f1 = (n + 1/2) c / (2*L)
where L is the arm length and c the speed of light. For L=38m, we pick to cases: n=3, then f1a = 13.806231 MHz; n=2, then f1b = 9.861594 MHz.
If we go for f1a, then the mode cleaner half length has to change to 10.857m. If we go for f1b, the MC length goes to 15.200m. A 2 meter change from the current length either way.
And the mode cleaner would only be the first of a long list of things that would have to change. Then it would be the turn of the recycling cavities.
Kind of a big deal. |
3012
|
Fri May 28 21:32:32 2010 |
Alberto | Update | 40m Upgrading | MC alignment |
[Alberto, Kiwamu, Kevin, Rana]
Today we tried to measured the beam shape after the MC MMT1 that Jenne installed on the BS table.
The beam scan showed a clipped spot. We tracked it down to the Farady and the MCT pickoff mirror.
The beam was getting clipped at the exit of the Faraday. But it was also clipping the edge of the MCT pick-off mirror. I moved the mirror.
Also the beam looked off-center on MC2.
We're coming back on Sunday to keep working on this.
Now things are bad. |
3023
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Tue Jun 1 06:30:38 2010 |
Koji | Configuration | 40m Upgrading | effect of the arm length |
I checked the effect of the arm length to the reflectance of the f2(=5*f1) sidebands.
Conclusion: If we choose L_arm = 38.4 [m], it looks sufficiently being away from the resonance
We may want to incorporate small change of the recycling cavity lengths so that we can compensate the phase deviation from -180deg.
f1 of 11.065399MHz is assumed. The carrier is assumed to be locked at the resonance.
Attachment 1: (Left) Amplitude reflectance of the arm cavity at f2 a a function of L_arm. (Right) Phase
Horizontal axis: Arm length in meter, Vertical Magnitude and Phase of the reflectance
At L=37.93 [m], f2 sidebands become resonant to the arm cavity. Otherwise, the beam will not be resonant.
Attachment 2: close-up at around 5 f1 frequency.
The phase deviation from the true anti resonance is ~0.7deg. This can be compensated by both PRC and SRC lengths. |
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Mon Jun 21 18:01:34 2010 |
Jenne | Update | 40m Upgrading | SRM, PRM hung, magnets inspected |
[Jenne, Kiwamu, Rana, Eric Gustafson]
The SRM and PRM have been re-hung, and are ready for installation into the chambers. Once we put the OSEMs in, we may have to check the rotation about the Z-axis. That was not confirmed today (which we could do with the microscope on micrometer, or by checking the centering of the magnets in the OSEMs).
Also, Eric and Rana inspected the Tip Tilt magnets, and took a few that they did their best to destroy, and they weren't able to chip the magnets. There was concern that several of the magnets showed up with the coatings chipped all over the place. However, since Rana and Eric did their worst, and didn't put any new chips in, we'll just use the ones that don't have chips in them. Rana confiscated all the ones with obvious bad chips, so we'll check the strengths of the other magnets using a gaussmeter, and choose sets of 4 that are well matched.
Eric, photographer extraordinaire, will send along the pictures he took, and we'll post them to Picasa. |
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Tue Jun 22 20:07:08 2010 |
Jenne | Update | 40m Upgrading | First attempt at Tip Tilt hanging |
[Jenne, Steve, Nancy, Gopal]
We made an attempt at hanging some of the Tip Tilt eddy current dampers today.
Photo 1 shows the 2 ECDs suspended.
Procedure:
(1) Loosen the #4-40 screws on the side of the ECDs, so the wire can be threaded through the clamps.
(2) Place the ECDs in the locator jigs (not shown), and the locator jigs in the backplane (removed from main TT structure), all laying flat on the table.
(3) Get a length of Tungsten wire (0.007 inch OD = 180um OD), wipe it with acetone, and cut it into 4 ~8cm long segments (long enough to go from the top of the backplane to the bottom).
(4) Thread a length of wire through the clamps on the ECDs, one length going through both ECDs' clamps.
(5) One person hold the wire taught, and straight, and as horizontal as possible, the other person tightened the clamping screws on the ECDs.
(6) Again holding the wire in place, one person put the clamps onto the backplane (the horizontal 'sticks' with 3 screws in them).
(7) The end. In the future, we'll also clip off extra pieces of wire.
When we held up the backplane to check out our handy work, it was clear that the bottom ECD was a much softer pendulum than the top one, since the top one has the wire held above and below, while the bottom one only has the wire held on the top. I assume we'll trim the wire so that the upper ECD is only held on the top as well?
Lessons learned:
* This may be a 3 person job, or a 2 people who are good at multitasking job. The wire needs to be held, the ECDs need to be held in place so they don't move during the screwing/clamping process, and the screws need to be tightened.
* Make sure to actually hold the wire taught. This didn't end up happening successfully for the leftmost wire in the photo, and the wire is a bit loose between the 2 ECDs. This will need to be redone.
* We aren't sure that we have the correct screws for the clamps holding the wire to the backplane. We only have 3/16" screws, and we aren't getting very many threads into the aluminum of the backplane. Rana is ordering some 316 Stainless Steel (low magnetism) 1/4" #4-40 screws. We're going for Stainless because Brass (the screws in the photo), while they passed their RGA scan, aren't really good for the vacuum. And titanium is very expensive.
The 2nd photo is of the magnet sticking out of the optic holder. The hole that the magnet is sitting in has an aluminum piece ~2/3 of the way through. A steel disk has been placed on one side, and the magnet on the other. By doing this, we don't need to do any press-fitting (which was a concern whether or not the magnets could withstand that procedure), and we don't need to do any epoxying. We'll have to wait until the ECDs are hung, and the optic holder suspended, to see whether or not the magnet is sticking out far enough to get to the ECDs. |
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Fri Jul 30 02:54:04 2010 |
Koji | Update | 40m Upgrading | More optics installed on the BS table |
July 29 Thu [Steve, Alberto, Kiwamu, Koji]
We placed some optics in the BS chamber.
The chambers are ready to be pumped down on Friday once the heavy door is placed.
- Clean room work
- Engraved two Y2 mirrors and PBS@532nm
- Engraved three DLC mounts
- Each of the mounts needs a 3.5 inch post. We found there is no stock of the post in the lab! Also the clamps!
- Took the posts from the temporarily removed optics although we need to return those optics into the table during the next vent.
- We should count the # of the mounts and count the needed posts. Posts and clamps can be either a DLC thick post or New Focus pedestal.
- In the chamber
- The terminal holder was moved as Alberto described
- The green steering optics were placed as Alberto described
- Note: the PBS is flipped in the mount (reflection side is back side)
- The table leveling
- Releasing EQ stops / Check OSEMs / Adjust OSEMs (BS OSEMs are untouched)
- After closing the chamber
Quote: |
[Koji, Steve, Kiwamu, Alberto]
- This afternoon we installed a few new optics on the BS table: GR_PBS, GRY_SM2, GRY_SM1.
- We pulled up the cables so that we had more freedom to move one of the cable towers farther South.
- Then we re-leveled the table. PRM OSEMs were adjusted to be nominal insertions.
- Koji released the earthquake stops on BS but the readout of the OSEMs was apparently frozen on the MEDM screens.
Initially we thought it was a software problem. a nuclear reboot didn't solve it. We spent the following three hours investigating the cause.
Eventually it turned out that the earthquake stops on BS weren't actually fully released.
We opened the tank and accessed to BS. Releasing the earthquake stops in full solved the issue. The OSEMs readout went back to normal.
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Fri Jul 30 12:46:38 2010 |
Koji | Configuration | 40m Upgrading | BS chamber status |
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Thu Jan 27 21:10:47 2011 |
Osamu | Update | 40m Upgrading | Calibrated noise of green |
I calibrated noise spectrum of green lock.
1. Measurement of conversion factor of ADC input from V to ct:
As a preparation, first I measured a conversion factor at ADC input of C1;GCX1SLOW_SERVO1.
It was measured while the output of AI ch6 as the output of C1;GCX1SLOW_SERVO2 with 1Hz, 1000ct(2000ct_pp) was directly connected into AA ch7 as the input of C1;GCX1SLOW_SERVO1. Amplitude at the output at AI ch6 was 616mVpp measured by oscilloscope, and C1;GCX1SLOW_SERVO1_IN1 read as 971.9ct_pp. So the conversion factor is calculated as 6.338e-4[V/ct].
2. Injection of a calibration signal:
When Green laser was locked to cavity with fast PZT and slow thermal, I injected 100Hz, 1000ct EXC at ETMX ASL. The signal was measured at C1:GCX1SLOW_SERVO1_IN1 as 5.314ct_rms. It can be converted into 3.368e-3Vrms using above result, and then converted into 3368Hz_rms using PZT efficiency as 1MHz/V. This efficiency was obtained from Koji's knowledge, but he says that it might have 30% or higher error. If somebody get more accurate value, put it into the conversion process from V to Hz here.
3. Conversion;
Frequency of green f=c/532nm=5.635e14[Hz] is fluctuating with above 3368Hz_rms,so the fluctuation ratio is 3368/5.635=5.977e-12, and it corresponds to length fluctuation of 37.5m. So, cavity fluctuation will be 5.977e-12*37.5=2.241e-10m_rms by 100Hz, 1000ct EXC at ETMX ASL.
4. Results;
Finally, we knew 5.314ct corresponds to 3368Hz and 2.241e-10m, so conversion factor from ct to Hz and ct to m are ;
633.8[Hz/ct] @ C1:GCX1SLOW_SERVO1
4.217e-11[m/ct] @ C1:GCX1SLOW_SERVO1
5. Calibration:
You can measure green noise spectrum at C1;GCX1SLOW_SERVO1_IN1 during lock, and mutiply above result to convert Hz or m.
This calibration is effective above corner frequency of slow and fast servo around 0.5Hz and UGF of fast servo around 4kHz.
I show an example of calibrated green noise.


Each color show different band-width. Of course this results of calibration cactor does not depend on band-width. Noise around 1.2Hz is 6e-8Hz/rHz. It sounds a bit too good by factor ~2. The VCO efficiency might be too small.
Note that there are several assumptions in this calibration;
1. TF from actual PZT voltage to PZT mon is assumed to be 1 in all frequency. Probably this is not a bad assumption because circuit diagram shows monitor point is extracted PZT voltage directly.
2. However above assumption is not correct if the input impedance of AI is low.
3. As I said, PZT efficiency of 1MHz/V might be wrong.
I also measured a TF from C1:SUS-ETMX_ALS_EXC to C1:GCX1SLOW_SERVO1_IN1. It is similar as calibration injection above but for wide frequency. This shows a clear line of f^-2 of suspension.

Files are located in /users/osamu/:20110127_Green_calibration. |
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Wed Oct 19 12:25:58 2011 |
Suresh | Update | 40m Upgrading | Active Tiptilts from LLO moved to clean shelf along X arm |
I have moved the active tip tilts that we brought over from LLO to the Clean Bureau along the X arm (closest to the ETMX). There are two tip tilts and a pack of spare parts. |
5697
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Wed Oct 19 13:45:11 2011 |
Suresh | Update | 40m Upgrading | Active Tiptilts from LLO moved to clean shelf along X arm |
I have moved the active tip tilts that we brought over from LLO to the Clean Bureau along the X arm (closest to the ETMX). There are two tip tilts and a pack of spare parts. I am sure that the tip tilts are clean, packed in the clean room at LLO. I am not sure whether the spares are clean. I have kept them together for now.
We need to open one of the Tip tilt packages to be sure what we have got. |
7090
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Mon Aug 6 11:07:06 2012 |
Manasa | Update | 40m Upgrading | Optical layout updated |
ACAD files of the 40m optical layout have been updated as per the vent in Aug 2011.
Files are available at the 40m svn docs-->Upgrade12-->Opt_Layout2011.
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Wed Aug 8 20:51:56 2012 |
Manasa | Update | 40m Upgrading | Optical layout updated |
Quote: |
ACAD files of the 40m optical layout have been updated as per the vent in Aug 2011.
Files are available at the 40m svn docs-->Upgrade12-->Opt_Layout2011.
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To ease the pain of hunting files, optical layout ACAD files have been moved to a new directory 40M_Optical Layout in the repository. Relevant files from directories Upgrade12 and upgrade 08 will be moved to "40M_Optical Layout" very soon and eventually these old directories will be removed. |
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Fri Aug 17 18:49:55 2012 |
Manasa | Update | 40m Upgrading | Optical layout updated |
Quote: |
Quote: |
ACAD files of the 40m optical layout have been updated as per the vent in Aug 2011.
Files are available at the 40m svn docs-->Upgrade12-->Opt_Layout2011.
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To ease the pain of hunting files, optical layout ACAD files have been moved to a new directory 40M_Optical Layout in the repository. Relevant files from directories Upgrade12 and upgrade 08 will be moved to "40M_Optical Layout" very soon and eventually these old directories will be removed.
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Changes mentioned by Koji and Steve have been updated to the files (except for the cable connector which have been added but whose part number has to be found to match accurately with the current layout). The file in the directory should now match the current setup after the last vent Aug 2011.
Let me know if you find any mismatch between the current setup and the layout.
Plans about new installations/reconfiguration during the new vent will be carried out in a separate file. |
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Tue Aug 21 18:23:58 2012 |
Manasa | Update | 40m Upgrading | ETMX table layout |
Optical layout of the current endtable at ETMX has been updated in the svn repository (directory: 40M_Optical Layout). This layout will help in redesigning the table for the proposed replacement.
Some part numbers of mounts/optics are missing and will be updated once I find them. If you find anything wrong with the layout, do let me know.
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Thu Sep 6 19:21:58 2012 |
Manasa | Configuration | 40m Upgrading | Baffle problem |
For the current baffle (dia. 40mm) centered along the beamline place at 1.77" from the test mass, the baffle will allow ~8.6mm visibility on the camera from the center of the test mass (in case of ETMY).
*assuming the pick off mirror is placed at the edge of the tunnel |
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Fri Sep 7 11:58:12 2012 |
Manasa | Configuration | 40m Upgrading | Baffle problem |
Quote: |
The required diameter for the baffle if it sits on the cage at 1.77" from the test masses: the current baffle (dia. 40mm) centered along the beamline, will allow ~8.6mm visibility from the center of the test mass (in case of ETMY).
*assuming the pick off mirror is placed at the edge of the tunnel
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Estimations of the visibility region (r1 on the test mass) with baffle (aperture size 40mm).
The baffle is installed on the cage at 1.125" from the test mass (distance changed from the previous elog after a double check).
The 40mm aperture is in no way going to help get clear view of the ITMs; |