From calculation, phase fluctuation of reflected beam from length stabilized arm is not disturbing MI lock.

Easy calculation:
  The phase PD at AS port sense is

phi = phi_x - phi_y = 2*l_MICH*omega/c + (phi_X - phi_Y)

  where l_MICH is the Michelson differential length change, omega is laser frequency, phi_X and phi_Y are phase of arm reflected beam. From very complicated calculation,

phi_X ~ F/2 * Phi_X

  at near resonance. Where F is arm finesse, Phi_X is the round trip phase change in X arm. So,

phi = 2*l_MICH*omega/c + F/2 * 2*L_DARM*omega/c

  Our ALS stabilizes arm length in ~ 70 pm(see elogs #6835,  #6858). Finesse for IR is ~450. Considering l_MICH is ~ 1 um, MICH signal at AS port should be larger than stabilized DARM signal by an order of magnitude.

Length sensing matrix of FPMI:
  Calculated length sensing matrix of 40m FPMI is below. Here, I'm just considering 11 MHz modulation. I assumed input power to be 1 W, modulation index 0.1i, Schnupp asymmetry 26.6 mm. PRM/SRM transmissivity is not taken into account.

[W/m]     DARM      CARM      MICH
REFL_I    0         1.69e8    0
REFL_Q    7.09e1    0        -3.61e3
AS_I      0         0         0
AS_Q      1.04e6    0         3.61e3

  Maybe we should use REFL_Q as MICH signal, but since IQ separation is not perfect, we see too much CARM. I tried to lock MI with REFL11_Q yesterday, but failed.

I modified filiters for LSC_MICH and LSC_PRCL.
Although modes we can see at POP and AS look still bad, error signals are less glitchy than I see before (elog #6886).

Measured power recylcing gain for PRMI was 1.6 (??)

Openloop transfer function for LSC_MICH:
  UGF ~130Hz, phase margin ~30 deg
  550 usec delay


APOLOGIES: I forgot "pi" in previous delay calculation. (I put notes on elogs #6940 and #6941)

Openloop transfer function for LSC_PRCL:
  UGF ~130Hz, phase margin ~30 deg
  550 usec delay
  A bump cam be seen in ~200 Hz. Coupling of DOFs?


Beam shape and motion:
   Below left is the Sensoray capture of AS/REFL/POP when PRMI is carrier locked.


  Beam spot motion looks less bouncy than before, but it still shows motion mostly at ~3.3Hz. This might be from PRM motion. Above right is uncalibrated spectra of POPDC and REFLDC. You can see 3.3 Hz peak. This peak has some coherence with PRM motion measured by oplevs. I centered BS/PRM oplev to do this measurement.

Power recycling gain:
 - Definition and designed value
  Power recylcing gain is

G = (PRC intracavity power) / (incident power)

  When MI is perfectly symmetric, this can be written as

G  = (t_PRM/1-r_PRM*r_ITM)**2

  where t_i, r_i is amplitude transmissivity, reflectivity. Inserting the designed values;

 t_PRM = sqrt(0.0575)
 r_ITM = sqrt(1-0.014)

  designed power recycling gain for PRMI is

G = 44

 - Measurement
  POP power when PRM is misaligned and MI is locked at dark fringe is

P_mis = P_in * T_PRM * (1-T_PR3) * (1-T_ITM) * T_PR3

  POP power when PRMI is locked is

P_PR = P_intra * T_PR3

  So,

G = P_intra / P_in = (P_PR / P_mis) * T_PRM * (1-T_PR3) * (1-T_ITM) ~ (P_PR / P_mis) * 0.06

  I measured power of POP using C1:LSC-POPDC_OUT. It was 268 when PRM is misalined and MI is locked at dark fringe. Also, it was ~850 when PRMI is carrier locked. When closing PSL shutter, it was ~246. So,

G_PR = (850-246)/(268-246) * 0.06 = 1.6

  It looks too small.

The phase margins looks still too small.

Do You need such high gain at LF? This is not a high finesse cavity so can we sacrifice
some DC gain while gaining more phase around UGFs?

Otherwise, the gain fluctuation should be nicely compensated (i.e. fancy normalization).

I modified filiters for LSC_MICH and LSC_PRCL again to cope with power recycling gain fluctuation.
After some more alignment, power recycling gain increased (but still ~3.7). It fluctuates more than a factor of 2, and I began to see glitches again. So I needed more gain margin, as Koji pointed out.

I played around with filters, but I couldn't remove all the glitches. Gain margin now look OK in principle.
It looks like PRM motion is related. Since PRM doesn't have oplev now, I will see PRM oplev tomorrow.

New openloop transfer function:
 LSC_MICH
   UGF ~100 Hz, phase margin ~ 50 deg
   no phase flip in less than factor of ~5 gain change
   550 usec delay
 LSC_PRCL
   UGF ~100 Hz, phase margin ~ 70 deg (phase bump at UGF)
   no phase flip in less than factor of ~5 gain change
   550 usec delay


Power recylcing gain:
  It is now ~3.7. It fluctuates pretty much. See time series data below when I locked PRMI. MICH and PRCL locks at the same time.

G = (1600-244)/(266-244)*0.06 = 3.7


 

PRMI glitch certainly comes from power recylcing gain fluctuation.
I confirmed this by
  - Reading the value of POPDC at the time when there's glitch in error signals
      -> There was some threshold for POPDC to make a glitch
  - Look closer to the glitch
      -> It was oscillation in ~400Hz, where we have phase flip in PRCL/MICH servo

Next is to find why we have power recycling gain fluctuation. I want to see the correlation between alignment fluctuation of optics and POPDC.

Glitch analysis:
  Below is the plot of
   Red   PRCL error signal (C1:LSC-REFL33_I_ERR)
   Green MICH erorr signal (C1:LSC-AS55_Q_ERR)
   Blue  PRC intra-cavity power (C1:LSC-POPDC_OUT)
  when PRMI is carrier locked.



  Time when there is a glitch in error signal is marked. Value of POPDC at that time is also marked. It looks like there's some threshold (dotted blue line).
  It sometimes doesn't show glitch even if POPDC is above the "threshold". It is maybe because of alignment fluctuation. Intra-cavity power gets high, but power at PDs get low, or vice versa.

  Right plot is closer look. Glitch is a sudden oscillation at ~400 Hz. It is the frequency where we have phase flip in PRCL/MICH openloop transfer function now(see elog #6950).

My hypothesis from the measurements below, to explain PRMI beam spot motion is;

  Stack motion at 3.3 Hz largely couples to BS and PRM angular motion.
  LSC for PRMI try to compensate this 3.3 Hz motion because they appear in the error signal.
  But since it's not length, failing and even adding more angular motion.

Some plots:
  1. Uncalibrated spectra of POPDC and ASDC when PRMI is locked. This tells you that beam motion seen at POP is 3.3 Hz.

  2. Uncalibrated spectra of feedback signal to BS and PRM. This tells you that LSC is actuating BS and PRM mainly at 3.3 Hz. I think this is because beam spot on PD moves at 3.3 Hz and so faking the error signal.

  3. Below left is uncalibrated spectra of BS, ITMX, ITMY, PRM (and ETMY) angular motion measured using oplevs. I centered oplevs on these optics (except ETMY, which was mis-aligned during PRMI lock). It looks like BS and PRM motion at 3.3 Hz is larger than other optics. Also, there's some coherence between POPDC and BS/PRM motion. We see some coherence with ITMs and even with ETMY, which is completely independent from PRMI. I think this is because 3.3 Hz motion is originated from the ground (stack) motion.

  left:            right:

  4. Above right is the same spectra, but when PRMI is not locked. It looks like there's no big change compared with PRMI locked. When locked, there's some excess for BS and PRM at ~1-3 Hz. I think this is from LSC feedback, which in principle, doesn't affect any angular motion.

Next:
  - Why BS and PRM has large 3.3 Hz peak compared with other optics?
  - Is 3.3 Hz peak effecting MI lock or arm lock?
  - How can we monitor PR2/3 angular motion?

It is not as dramatic as PRMI, but I could see BS 3.3 Hz motion at AS and REFL when MI is locked at dark fringe.
Below is uncalibrated spectra of REFLDC and ASDC when
  Red: MI is locked at dark fringe
  Blue: there's no light (PSL shutter closed)

We have to do something to get rid of this.

It looks like PRMI LSC is making PRM motion (and BS motion) at ~3Hz worse.
I concluded this from measuring feedback signal of suspension servo and LSC servo.

Mechanism:
 1. BS and PRM moves alot at ~3 Hz.
 2. LSC senses fake signal at ~3Hz from beam spot motion on PD
 3. LSC feedback this motion to position of PRM
 4. Suspension damping servo try to cancel this because ~3 Hz motion is not actual length signal

Calculation:
x:   Orignal longitudinal motion of PRM
n_L: Sensing noise in LSC (including ITM motion, fake ~3Hz motion)
n_S: Sensing noise in suspension damping (OSEM sesor noise, fake ~3Hz motion)
G_L: Openloop transfer function of PRCL LSC
G_S: Openloop transfer function of suspension damping (PRM SUSPOS)
H:   LSC sensor transferfunction (PDH signal on REFL_33_I)
F_S: Filter for suspension damping
A:   Actuator transfer function (PRM OSEM coils)

  Since G_L >> G_S and G_L >> 1 for below 100Hz (see elogs #6950 and #6967), feedback signal of LSC and suspensiton damping can be written as

f_L = x - A*F_S*n_S - (1+G_S)/H*n_L
f_S = 1/G_L*x - A*F_S*n_S - G_S/H*n_L 

  So, basically, LSC supresses PRM motion but puts n_L to PRM. Suspension servo try to surpress n_L, which was not there when LSC is off.

Measurement:
 1. Below left is uncalibrated spectra of

Red:  suspension damping feedback to PRM/BS when PRMI is locked
Blue: LSC feeed back to PRM/BS when PRMI is locked
Pink: suspension damping feedback to PRM/BS when PRMI is not locked

  As you can see, PRM suspension damping feed back increases at ~ 1.5-3 Hz because of LSC. This is the same for BS at ~1 Hz and ~3 Hz.

   

 2. Above right is same spectra for ITMX/ITMY. There's no change in suspension damping feedback. This means, radiation pressure coupling or something is not related in this issue. LSC servo is not engaged for ITMs.

 3. Below is oplev spectra for PRM/BS

Red:  Oplev pitch error signal of PRM/BS when PRMI is locked
Blue: Oplev yaw error signal of PRM/BS to PRM/BS when PRMI is locked
Pink:  Oplev pitch error signal of PRM/BS when PRMI is not locked
Cyan: Oplev yaw error signal of PRM/BS to PRM/BS when PRMI is not locked

  You can see the increase in pitch/yaw motion at ~ 1.5-3 Hz for PRM, and ~1Hz/~3Hz for BS. They are consistent with measurement of feedback spectra.





By the way:
  I adjusted oplev servo gains for ITMX. They were crazy this evening. They now have UGF ~ 2.5 Hz.

C1:SUS-ITMX_OLPIT_GAIN = 1.0 (was 2.6)
C1:SUS-ITMX_OLYAW_GAIN = -0.5 (was -1.6)


Next questions:
  - Can we notch ~3 Hz feedback so that LSC doesn't feedback this motion?
  - Why ~3 Hz motion is high for BS/PRM? Too much load on BS chamber stack?
  - Can we reduce ~3 Hz motion?
  - If BS chamber stack is bad, PR3 might have ~3 Hz motion, too. Does this make PRMI beam spot motion crazy?
  - How about PR2?

As stephanie did a few years ago, the idea should be to match the damping between the DRMI optics so as to minimize the differential motion. No notching is necessary. Read her SURF report about the IMC.

We did our first ringdown measurement on the Y arm. First we tried to keep the arm locked in green during the ringdown, but for some reason it was not possible to get the cavity locked in green. So we decided to do the first measurement with infrared locked only.

For the measurement we had to change the LSC model to acquire the C1:LSC-TRY_OUT_DQ at higher sampling frequency. We changed the sampling frequencies of C1:LSC-{TRX,TRY}_OUT_DQ from 2048Hz to 16384Hz.

The measurement was done at GPS 1027289507. The ringdown curve looks very clean, but there seem to be two time constants involved. The first half of the curve is influenced by the shutter speed, then curvature is changing sign and the ringdown is likely taking over. We will try to fit a curve to the ringdown part, but it would certainly be better to have a faster shutter and record a more complete ringdown.

 When we sat down to align the Yarm to the green, the green light was happy to flash in the cavity, but wouldn't lock, even after Jan had tweaked the mirrors such that we were flashing the TEM00 mode.  When we went down to the end to investigate, the Universal PDH box was saturating both negative and positive.  Turning down the gain knob all the way to zero didn't change anything, so I put it back to 52.5.  Curiously, when we unplugged the Servo OUT monitor cable (which was presumably going to the rack to be acquired), the saturation happened much less frequently.  I think (but I need to look at the PDH box schematic) that that's just a monitor, so I don't know why that had to do with anything, but it was repeatable - plug cable in, almost constant saturation....unplug cable, almost no saturation.

Also, even with the cable unplugged, the light wouldn't flash in the cavity.  When I blocked the beam going to the green REFL PD (used for the PDH signal), the light would flash.

Moral of the story - I'm confused.  I'm going to look up the PDH box schematic before going back down there to investigate.

Is this the step response of the single pole low pass???
It should have an exponential decay, shouldn't it? So it should be easier to comprehend the result with a log scale for vertical axis...

I think you need a fast shutter. It is not necessary to be an actual shutter but you can use faster thing
which can shut the light. Like PMC or IMC actuators.

Another point is that you may like to have a witness channel like the MC transmission to subtract other effect.

We fitted shutter and ringdown functions to the ringdown data. It is not perfectly clear how the power change due to the shutter is handed over to the power change due to ringdown. The fit suggests that the ringdown starts at a later time, but this does not necessarily make sense. It could be that the slow power decrease when the shutter starts clipping the TEM00 beam is followed by the cavity, but then the power decrease becomes too fast when the shutter reaches the optical axis and the ringdown takes over. Also, the next measurement should be taken with adjusted DC offset.

You cannot use the digital system for this. You hook up a scope to the transmitted light as well as the incoming light (after the MC, perhaps at IP_POS). Then you acquire the data from both places simultaneously using an ethernet equipped scope. The step response of the PDs used for this has to be calibrated separately.

[Jenne, Jamie]

We recovered lock and alignment of the Y arm.  TRY_OUT is now at ~0.9, after tweaking {I,E}TMY pit/yaw and PZT2.  YARM_GAIN is 0.1.

I saved ITMY, ETMY, and PZT2 alignments in the IFO_ALIGN screen with the new alignment save/restore stuff I got working.

Working on getting Yarm ASS working now...

To take the free swinging Michelson measurements for the interferometer calibration Jamie aligned the beam splitter with ITMX and ITMY. I recorded the GPS time (1027827100 and for several hundred seconds later) when the Michelson was aligned in order to look at the correct data. I then copied the python script nds-test.py from Jamie, and modified it to take and plot data from C1:LSC-AS55_Q_ERR_DQ offline. I used dataviewer to verify that C1:LSC-AS55_Q_ERR_DQ and C1:LSC-AS55_Q_ERR were recording the same signal, and to check that I was taking the correct data with NDS. Taking data online worked as well, but it was easier to use a time when the Michelson was known to be free-swinging and take data offline. Attached is some sample data while free-swinging, with time in GPS time.

Yoichi, Rana

Here is the open loop gain of the XARM loop.

The reference is from the pre-upgrade era. We get the extra phase delay because we have two anti-aliasing filters. One is the hardware filter at about 7kHz for 16kHz sampling. This filter should have been replaced to the one for 64kHz sampling but it has not yet happened. The second one is the software anti-aliasing filter applied when down sampling from 64kHz to 16kHz. So we have double AA filters, which are the culprits for the extra phase delay.

We should either replace the hardware AA filter to the 64kHz one (preferred way), or change the software AA filter to a less aggressive one (easier temporary fix).

Yoichi, Rana

Here is the noise spectrum of the X-arm error signal along with the TRX DC power fluctuations.

The spectra were taken while the whitening filters for POX11 were OFF.

EDIT (Integrity Fairy): Shall we assume these units are "Intergalactic translational qubits/sqrt(Hz)"?

I'm ~30% of the way through implementing LSC whitening filter triggers.  I think that everything I have done should be compile-able, but please don't compile c1lsc tonight.  I haven't tested it, and some channel names have changed, so I need to fix the LSC screen when I'm not falling asleep.

Also, Rana pointed out that we may not want the whitening to trigger on immediately upon acquiring lock - if there are other modes ringing down in the cavity, or some weird transients, we don't want to amplify those signals.  We want to wait a second or so for them to die down, then turn on analog whitening.  Jamie - do you know how long the "unit delay" delays things in the RCG?  Do those do what I naively think they do?  I'll ask you in the morning.

0) Did a bunch of alignment to get beams roughly centered on ETMY and ITMY and maximize power. Adjusted the aperture and focus on ETMY camera to get nice image. Camera needs to be screwed in tightly and cables given some real strain relief, Steve.

1) snapshots not working on many MEDM screens. Who's on top of this?

2) save/restore not working for PZT2 sliders

3) changed power and filter triggers on yarm to match xarm

4) yarm filters copied from xarm (need to handtune RGs)

5) DTT wasn't working on rossa. Used the Date/Time GUI to reset the system time to match fb and then it stopped giving 'Test Timed Out'. Jamie check rossa ntpd.

6) Removed the high 3.2 Hz RG filter. We don't have any sharp features like that in the spectrum.
   ---then added it back. The 3.2 Hz comes and goes depending on what Yoichi is doing over in the MC area. Leaving it in by default, but lowering the Q from 2 to 1.5.

7) Attached is the noise spectra, coherence, and loop gain model for this yarm condition. For the plant model, I assume a pendulum (f=1 Hz, Q = 9) and a cavity pole of 1600 Hz. Gain is scaled to set the UGF at 165 Hz (as guessed by looking at the servo gain peaking frequency). This cheezy model doesn't include any of the delays from DAC, AA, or AI. Eric and Sasha should have something more useful for us by Friday.

8) Change the DQ channels: need XARM and YARM IN1 at 16k. e.g. XARM_ERR, etc.

9) To get the DTT plots to make thumbnails in the elog, I print a .ps file and then use 'epstopdf' to make the PDF.

The unit delay delays for a single cycle, so I think that's not what you want.  I'm not sure that there's an existing part to add delays like that.

We also need to be a little clever about it, though, since we'll want it to flip off if we loose lock during the delay.

ntp is now installed on all the workstations.  I also added it to the /users/controls/workstation-setup.sh script

I modified my Simulink model of the YARM to match the new filter modules Rana installed on YARM. I also scaled the open loop transfer function of the model to fit the measured open loop transfer function at the unity gain frequency, as shown in the figure below. From this I produced the length response function correctly scaled, also shown below.  Then I applied the calibration factor to the YARM data measured in /users/Templates/Y-Arm_120815.xml. Both the uncalibrated and calibrated spectra are included below.

 To taste the strangeness of the current 40m PRC, I locked the PRMI with the guide of Koji.

We first aligned MICH by mostly tweaking ITMX, assuming that ITMY is in a good place as the Y-arm locks. MICH lock was stable.

Then we restored the IFO to the PRM_SBres mode. With a bit of alignment work on PRM and gain tweaking, the PRMI locked.

Yes, the beam spots look UGLY !

Also the PRMI was not so stable. Especially, when the alignment fluctuates, the optical gain changes and the loop becomes temporarily unstable. We took POP_DC as the guide for the gain change and normalized the PRCL error signal with it. To do this smoothly, we first changed the input matrix to route the PRCL error signal, which is REFL33_I, so that the signal also goes to the MC filter bank. Then with dtt, we monitored the spectra of the PRCL_IN1 and MC_IN1. We tweaked the value of the element in the normalization matrix for the MC path until the two spectra look the same (at this moment, the normalizing factor for the PRCL path was still zero). During this process, we noticed that the MC path signal (normalized by POP_DC) is noisier at above 500Hz. This was because the POP_DC has a large noise at high frequencies. So we put a low pass filter (100Hz 2nd order Butterworth) to the POP_DC filter bank to reduce the noise. Then the two spectra looked almost the same. The correct normalization factor found in this way was 0.03. So we put this number in the normalization matrix for PRCL. It did not break the PRMI lock.

After the normalization is turned on, the PRMI lock became somewhat more stable. However, the POP_DC was still fluctuating a lot, especially when the alignment is good. So I made a boost filter: 5Hz pole Q=2, 15Hz zero Q=1.5. I also made this filter automatically triggered when the PRMI is locked. This made the PRMI lock acquisition quicker. However, still the POP_DC fluctuation is large. It seems that the alignment of PRC is really fluctuating a lot.

 The current UGF of PRMI is about 150Hz with the phase margin over 50deg.

Tonight, I worked on the X-arm locking again. I did not have any significant progress, but observed several issues and will give some suggestions for future work here.

What I did tonight was basically re-alignment of the X-arm (because Rana touched the PZT mirrors for the Y-arm alignment, the X-arm alignment was screwed up). Then I measured the open loop gain. Of course it was almost identical to the one posted in this entry. It reminded myself of how small the phase bubble is. This means we have to finely adjust the gain to set the UGF at the right frequency, i.e. 100Hz. So I decided to do the signal normalization using the TRX power. Using the MC path method described here,  the appropriate normalization coefficient was determined to be 1.6, when the XARM gain is set to 0.05. Using burtgooey, I updated the burt snapshot used by the X-arm restore script.

Now I observed the following things:

When the normalization is used, the lock itself is stable, but the lock acquisition takes loner (i.e. fails more often).

I don't know the exact reason, but here is my guess: Usually, the error signal is divided by the square root of the transmitted power to widen the linear range of the PDH error signal. However, what I'm doing here is dividing the error signal with the power itself, not the sqrt. This might distort the error signal in a not-friendly-for-lock way ? I don't know.

I checked the c1lsc FE code. There seems to be the sqrt(TRX) and sqrt(TRY) signals computed in the code. However, these are not used for the normalization. 

Now, there are two requirements. When dragging the mirrors into the resonance, we want to normalize the error signal with sqrt(TRX). When the mirrors reach the resonance, the gain of the loop must be normalized by TRX. How do we smoothly connect those two states ? Someone should spend some time on this. Maybe I will work on this in Japan.  

We really need a time delay in the filter trigger

The automatic filter trigger is awesome. However, the [0^2:5^2] filter, which is an integrator, takes time to switch on and off. Every time the cavity passes by a resonance, this filter gets turned on and off slowly, giving some large transients. This transient combined with the bad coil balance of ETMX sometimes made the optical lever of ETMX crazy. This can be avoided by turning on this filter a few seconds after the power reaches the threshold. As Rana suggested, we should be able to put an arbitrary time delay to the filter trigger.

Someone should balance the coils

The coil balance of ETMX is bad and causing the above mentioned problem. I tweaked the coil balance by injecting a sinusoidal signal (10Hz) into ETMX pos and trying to minimizing the spectral peak in the optical lever signals. Of course, this is a cheesy work. Someone should put more serious effort on this.

A civilized interferometer should have an auto-alignment capability

After my alignment work, the X-arm power got to about 0.7. (This is probably because the MC transmission power has been low for the past 5 hours or so (attachment 1)).

In anyway, after the cavity locked to the TEM00 mode, the alignment has to be automatically improved by dithering. It is anachronism to sit down and click on the MEDM screen until the power gets big enough.

I checked and fixed the X end green situation. Now the X green beam is locked with TEM00.

There are various reasons it did not lock nicely.

• The IR beam axis was changed by Yoichi and Rana (ELOG #7169). So the green axis also had to be changed.
• The end green optics is really "BS". Anytime I see it, I feel disgusted. Because of 3D steering mirrors, cross couplings
  between yaw and pitch are big. This makes the alignment hard.
• Even with acceptable alignment, the lock was only momentarily. I found the slow control was on. This pushed the frequency
  too much and made the lock unstable.
• The slow control screen was broken as Jamie changed the model names but did not fix the slow screens.
  
  • Jamie saids (ELOG #7011): Fix the c1sc{x,y}/master/C1SC{X,Y}_GC{X,Y}_SLOW.adl screens. 
    I need to figure out a more consistent place for those screens.

Now some action items are left:

- IR TRX is not aligned.
- X end green needs precise alignment.
- PSL GR TRX is not aligned.

These will be checked on Sunday.

- End green setup is horrible. => Manasa and I should work on this together.

 Riju, Elli

Today we prepared our experimental setup to take a cavity scan of the input mode cleaner, which we want to measure in the next day or so.  Attached is a diagram of our setup.

What we want to do is to inject a set of sidebands into the PSL and sweep their frequency from 32-45 MHz (a range just over one fsr of the mode cleaner- vfsr=11MHz).  We will measure the power transmitted out of the MC using a photo-diode and demodulate this signal with our input signal from the Marconi.  From this we should be able to see the resonant frequencies of the carrier and the higher order modes.

One aspect we spent some time thinking about; whether we would be able to inject a signal into an EOM given the EOM and the Marconi are not perfectly impedance matched.  Based on Kiwamu’s previous e-log entries designing the EOM, we decided that injecting a signal in 32-45 MHz region at 15dBm is similar to injecting the 29.5MHz sideband (at the same power level with very similar input impedance.) Fingers crossed we don’t blow anything up first week on the job.

11MHz modulation source was turned off (disabled) at Marconi at 12:00.

Jenne, Mike and I installed all of the post holders we could today including: REFL11, REFL33, REFL55, AS55, MCRef, POX11 and POP55.  We did not install AS110, POY or REFL165 because there are interferences that will require moving stuff around. We also did not mount POP22 because it is a peely wally ThorLabs PD that will be replaced by a strong, straight and right thinking LIGO PD in the fullness of time.  We did move it out of the way however which is no more than it deserves. Next step this afternoon Mike and I will install all of the telescopes and launching hardware.  Then with the help of Steve we will begin routing the fibers.  The splitter module will be here by next Monday, the laser by the following Friday and then we will light up the fibers. 

 I'm proposing split loom tubing that would run in the cable tray  to protect the fibers  inside of it.  This tubing diameter in the cable tray can be 1.5-2"  and out of the tray 0.75"

Mike and I installed all of the telescopes and launching hardware for REFL11, REFL33, REFL55, AS55, MCRef, POX11 and POP55. On Monday afternoon Steve will work with us on the fiber routing.  Steve is buying some protective covers for the fibers.

Riju hasn't been in the lab in a long time to do any measurements, so I put the signals back to how they should be. 

I turned off / confirmed off the things which were sending signal to the EOM:  the network analyzer, the RF generator box, and the Marconi which supplies the 11MHz. 

I removed the cavity scanning cable, and terminated it, and put the regular 11MHz cable back on the splitter.

I then turned on the RF gen box and the Marconi.  The Marconi had been off, so we were not getting any 11MHz or 55MHz out of the RF gen. box.  This is why I couldn't lock any cavities last night (duh). 

On to locking!

----------------- In other news,

While swapping out the EOM cable, I noticed that the DC power supply sitting under the POX table was supplying a weird value, 17 point something volts.  I checked on the table to remind myself why that power supply is there...it's powering an RF amplifier right after the commercial PD that is acting as POP22.  The amplifier wants +15 and GND, so I reset the power supply to 15V.  We should add this to the list of things to fix, because it's dumb.  Either we need to put in the real POP22 (long term goal), or we need to get this guy some rack power, and do the same for any amplifiers for the Beat setup.  It's a little hoakey to have power supplies littering the lab.

 Absolutely hokey. What are our requirements for this RFPD? What are the power levels and SNR that we want (I seem to remember that its for 22 as well as 110 MHz)? Perhaps we can test an aLIGO one if Rich has one sitting around, or if the aLIGO idea is to use a broadband PD I guess we can just keep using what we have.

[Evan, Jenne]

We aligned the PRMI.  We definitely can lock MICH, but we're not really sure if PRCL is really being locked or not.  I don't think it is.

Anyhow, we found 2 different places on the AS camera that we can align the PRMI.  One (middle, right hand side of the camera), we see the same weird fringing that we've been seeing for a week or two.  The other (lower left side of the camera), we see different fringing, almost reminds me more of back in the day a few months ago when the beam looked like it was expanding on each pass.  As I type, Evan is uploading the movies to youtube.  I *still* don't know how to embed youtube videos on the elog!

Also, we found both forward-going and backward-going POP beams coming out onto the POX table.  We placed the 2" lens in the path of the backwards beam, so that we can find it again.  We can't see it on an IR card, but if we put some foil where we think the beam should be, we can use a viewer to see the spot on the foil.  Poking a hole in the foil made an impromptu iris.

Youtube videos:

Lower left on camera

Middle right on camera

How can you lock the PRMI without the REFL beams? c.f. this entry by Kiwamu
Which signals are you using for the locking?

I think the first priority is to find the fringes of the arms and lock them with POX/POY.

As for the POP, make sure the beam is not clipped because the in-vac steering mirrors
have been supposed to be too narrow to accommodate these two beams.

I was using AS55I for PRCL, and AS55Q for MICH.  I snuck that into the last line of an unrelated elog, since I did both things at the same time: see elog 7551.  Kiwamu's measurements (elog 6283) of the PRMI sensing matrix show that the PRCL and MICH signals are almost orthogonal in AS55 (although the optickle simulation doesn't agree with that...)  He was able to lock PRMI with AS55 I&Q (elog 6293), so I thought we should be able to as well.  Locking the PRMI was supposed to help tune the alignment of the PRM, not be the end goal of the night.  Also, we only tried locking PRCL in the "middle right" configuration, not the "lower left" configuration, but we were seeing what looked like recycling flashes only in the "lower left" configuration.

I agree in principle that we should be working on the arms. However, since we can't use the old steer-the-beam-onto-the-cage trick to find the beam, I was hoping that we could steer the beam around and see some light leaking out of the ETM, onto the end table.  However, with the 1% transmission of the ITMs and ~10ppm transmission of the ETMs, there's not a lot of light back there.  I was hoping to align the PRMI so that I get flashes with a gain of 10 if I'm lucky, rather than just the 5% transmission of the PRM.  With the PRMI aligned, I was expecting:

(1W  through Faraday) * (10 PR gain) * (0.5 BS transmission) * (0.01 ITM transmission) * (10ppm ETM transmission) = 0.5uW on the ETM tables during PRCL flashes. 

I was hoping that things would be well enough aligned that I could just go to the end table, and see the light with a viewer, although as I type this, I realize that if the beam was not on the end table (or even if it was...) any time I move the PZTs, I'd have to completely realign the PRMI in order to see the flashes.  This seems untenable, unless there are no other options.

We then got sidetracked by trying to see the POP beam, and once we saw the POP beam we wanted to put something down so we could find it again.  POP is also small, but not as small as expected at the end:

(1W  through Faraday) * (10 PR gain) * (20ppm PR2 transmission) = 0.2mW on POP during PRCL flashes.

POP was very difficult to see, and we were only able to see it by putting the foil in the beam path, and using a viewer.  I think that we once were able to see it by looking at a card with the viewer, but it's much easier with the foil.  I'd like to find an iris that is shiny (the regular black iris wasn't helpful), to facilitate this alignment.  Since we were just looking at the reflection off of the foil, I have no comment yet about clipping vs. not clipping.  I do think however that the forward-going beam may have been easier to find....when the PRMI alignment drifted, we lost the beam, but I could still see the forward-going beam.  Probably I should switch to that one, since that's the one that was lined up with the in-vac optics. 

Summary:

Ideas are welcome, for how to align the beam to the Yarm (and later to the Xarm), since our old techniques won't work.  Aligning the PRMI was a distraction, although in hopes of getting flashes so we could see some light at the end tables.  I'm going to go see if I can look through a viewport and see the edges of the black glass aperture, which will potentially be a replacement for the steering-on-the-cage technique, but if that doesn't work, I'm running out of ideas.

Motivation

In order to estimate whether we can see acoustic coupling in arms or not, we have to calibrate signals to phase noise.

Method

I used the same method as Yuta and Jenne did (6834).
I switched from ETM locking to ITM locking since only ITM actuators are calibrated (5583), and measured the open loop transfer function and the transfer function from ITM excitation to POX/POY error signal. Then I can estimate the calibration value H [counts/m] from POY/POX error signal to displacement.

Results

Yarm; H = 9.51 x 10¹¹ counts/m
 

Xarm; H = 6.68 x 10¹¹ counts/m

Phase noise in arms:

blue; Xarm, green; Yarm

Next Step

I will calibrate the acoustic signal and see if it is reasonable that we can see the acoustic coupling signal in the arms.
But I guess it is difficult. Actually I have not seen coherence between ETM feedback signals and acoustic sounds yet. (I measured acoustic noise near POX and in PSL table.)

If I find that it is hopeless, I will create some sounds and try to measure transfer function from acoustic sound to arm cavity signals.
I am interested in how the transfer function calculated by wiener filtering is different from the measured transfer function.

Note

I found that we do not have enough phase margin. This is why the arm locking is not so stable.

For the loop diagnosis, its best to use the method of "IN1/IN2", rather than manipulate the close loop gain. In this way, you can directly plot the swept sine measurement from DTT as the open loop gain.

Also, for reporting calibration, we should all try to record the current settings better. Anything that may change the loop gain should be recorded along with the Bode plot and the DATA must be posted to the elog - no more of just posting plots.

We need to know, e.g.

1. what is the power in the arms?
2. are the LSC whitening filters on?
3. are the SUS dewhitening filters on?
4. What normalization is being used in the LSC?
5. What digital filters are on in the X/YARM loop filter bank?

Resistance is feudal.

I uploaded a zip file that contains data files used for the calibration.

OLTF_x/y.txt: the open loop transfer function (measured by IN1/IN2 in arm servo filter bank).
coh_x/y.txt: coherence of OLTF. I used the data where coherence > 0.98.
ext_err_x/y.txt: the transfer function from ITM excitation signal to POX/POY error signal.
coh_x2/y2.txt: coherence of ext_err. I used the data where coherence > 0.98.

The LSC whitening filter was off because the xarm was unlocked when the POX Q whitening filter was turned on. (We have to study what was wrong.)
The SUS whitening filters were on.
The all digital filters except +6dB filter were on.

 Today I wanted to check that AS and REFL beams are real and contain proper information about interferometer. For this I locked YARM using AS55_I and REFL11_I. Then I compared spectrum with POY11_I locking. Everything is the same. I've also adjusted phase rotations of AS55 (0.2 ->24) and REFL11 (-34.150 -> -43).

Then I've locked MICH and aligned EMTs such that ASDC was close to zero. Then I locked PRCL and aligned PRM. Power buildup was 50. 

 I studied more carefully beam path inside DRMI using PRM face camera and found that beam is clipping on PR3 edge.

Step 1: PRCL LOCK, MICH LOCK, power build up 30.

Note: left is right and vice versa on the PRM camera

 Step 2: PRLC - UNLOCK, MICH - LOCK, PRM is still aligned. Right photo is AS port. I've slightly misaligned ITMs such that disturbance of AS beam is clearly seen.

Step 3: PRCL - UNLOCK, MICH - LOCK, PRM misalined in yaw such such that the beam LASER -> PRM -> PR2 -> PR3 -> BS -> ITMX -> BS -> PR3 -> PR2 -> PRM -> PR2 -> PR3 is completely clipped on the TT edge. AS beam is now not clipped.

So the conclusion is that when PRC is not locked and beam is thin, it can avoid clipping. When PRC locked, beam size grows and it starts to clip. I think we need to move the mount next to PR3 because of it we to not have enough space to align the TT.

Step 4: PSL shutter is closed.

 Some explanation of how you define power buildup please. Also some plots showing the evidence.

 I think about power buildup as a ratio of the power in the cavity when it is locked and unlocked = (POYDC_LOCKED - POYDC_OFFSET) / (POYDC_UNLOCKED - POYDC_OFFSET). I do not multiply this number by PRM transmission.

POYDC_OFFSET = -0.006

POYDC_UNLOCK = 0.063

For example, on the plot below power buildup is 15.

That's OK, but its best to use standard notation. The power recycling gain is defined as the power incident on the BS divided by the power incident on the PRM from the laser side. You should also compare it with the PRC gain that you expect from mirror transmissions.

 I've made snapshots of PR2, PRM, ITMY and ITMX mirrors. Power buildup recycling gain (POWER BS / POWER PRM) was equal to 3-4.

 Motivation

We observed that oplev servos affect the arm spectra badly (elog #7798). Some of them are fixed, but still they inject noise into the arms.
So I tried to turn the oplevs off and to see the acoustic noise effect. However, the mirrors moves so much that the signal does not seem to be linear any more, and the noise spectrum of arms changes especially around 60 - 100 Hz as you can see the spectrogram of YARM error signal below. This makes it difficult to find acoustic coupling noise. Therefore, I tried to fix the oplev servos so that the noise spectra do not get worse when the oplev servos are on.

Checking oplev UGFs

I checked the oplev open loop transfer functions. The UGFs of oplevs are all around 1-3Hz and phase margin looks enough except the BS oplev.
The gain of the BS oplev OLTF has so low that the signal is not fed back. Moreover, there is much phase delay in the BS feedback loop than the others'.
The counts of BS oplev sum is not changed so much for this 4 months, so the oplev beam seems to hit the BS correctly.
I am not sure what makes difference.

Clipped oplev beam fixed

Den and I found the output beam of ETMY oplev was clipped the other day. Also I found the scattered beam of ITMY oplev was on the edge of the mirror inside the vacuum and it made more scattered lights.
(before) -> (after)

  I fixed both of the clipped beam. But still the oplev feedback inject the noise into the arm. (red: oplev off, blue: oplev on)
   

[Rana, Ayaka]

The BS oplev pitch feedback came back.

The problem was that 300^2:0 filter was off. And I turned on all the low pass filters (ELP35), then the oplev servo does not seem to inject big noise into the arms as long as I see the spectra of POY and POX. These low-pass filters will be modified tomorrow so that the acoustic coupling noise is minimized.

[Koji, Ayaka]

Last night, I injected acoustic noise at POX table and AS table with oplev controls on (LPF is on).

1. acoustic noise at the POX table

I set the microphones and speakers at the POX table and see the acoustic coupling.

I could see slight change around 40 Hz. This can be caused by the oplev feedback loop because the speaker was on the same table as the ITMX oplev.

2. acoustic noise at the AS table

I controlled XARM with AS error signal and set the microphones and speaker on the AS table.

The resonance a 200 Hz seemed to be enhanced. But still we are not sure that it is caused by acoustic noise. Because this resonance is enhanced when the OL gain is high, and the gain adjustment was so critical that this resonance was easily enhanced even when the acoustic noise is not injected. And sometimes it has gone away.

 We've looked at PR2 face camera when PRM, BS and one of the ITMs were aligned. We saw an extra beam at PR2 when ITMX was aligned (right plot). This spot stays on the PR2 when prcl is locked.

Then we looked at PR3 transmission mirror and saw that the main beam is not on the edge of the mirror. Secondary beam is clipping on the mirror mount of PR3 that we see on BS_PRM camera.

Measured beam spot positions:

"+" for pitch means that the beam is too high, "-" too low

"+" for yaw means that the beam is left if you look from the back, "-" is right

Beam spots were measured using x, y arm and prcl locking to the carrier.

I calibrated the AS error signal into the displacement of the YARM cavity in the same way as I did before (elog).

The open loop transfer function is:

The transfer function from ITMX excitation to AS error signal is:

Then I have got the calibration value : 5.08e+11 [counts/m]

The calibrated spectrum in unit of m/rtHz is

REF0: arm displacement
REF1: dark noise + demodulation circuit noise + WT filter noise + ADC noise (PSL shutter on)
REF2: demodulation circuit noise + WT filter noise + ADC noise (PD input of the circuit (at 1Y2) is connected to the 50 Ohm terminator)
(The circuit and WT filter seem to be connected at back side of the rack. Actually there is a connector labelled 'I MON' but it is not related to C1:LSC-ASS55_I_ERR)

Also we changed the AS gain so that ADC noise does not affect:

However, this did not make big change in sensitivity. I guess this means that circuit noise limits the sensitivity at higher frequencies than 400 Hz.
I tried to adjust the AS gain carefully but I could not do that because of the earthquake. Further investigation is needed.