As Koji pointed out, I messed up the calibration. However, fixing it doesn't change things that much.
From this calibration by Yuta, the Xarm ALS calibration is 54 deg / MHz, or 19.17 kHz / deg. So, I multiply my data which is in these degree units by 19.17e3 to get Hz. Then I use delta_f / f = delta_L / L to convert to meters. f = c / lambda_green, and L = 37.5 meters.
This only changes the calibration by about 10-15%. It still looks like the ALS noise is well above the RIN level of the sqrtInv signal.

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